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That about 1,600,000 farm workers in the U. S. left the farm during 

 1942? Of this nunber 331,000 v/ere operators and managers and 1,234,000 were 

 family workers and year-round hired workers. Industry took 921,000 and the 

 armed forces 694,000. 



That certain materials applied to pruning v/ounds do more harm than 

 good? Shellac is satisfactory. So is v/hite lead paint. Bordeaux paste is 

 very efficient in preventing v/ood rot but lacks permanency. Compounds con- 

 taining creosote tend to injure the cambiujn, and therefore retard healing. 



That fewer apples v/ere shipped to the Boston market from out of state 

 up to January than in any year on record? The total volume v/as at least 

 10^ more than last year and was divided approxLmately as follov^s: hone grown 

 apples, 650,000 bushels and shipped-in apples, 125,000 bushels. 



That wood ashes are an excellent source of potassium and lime? Chem- 

 ical analyses show that they contain approximately 5% potash, 2;. phosphoric 

 acid and an acid neutralizing equivalent aiaounting to 66^o of a high grade 

 agricultural limestone. 



. That the average water content of apples is 84.1^and that the average 

 freezing point is 28,4° F.? For long storage life, the ideal storage temper- 

 ature is 51 to 32° F., and relative humidity at least 85 to 88^-o. The harvested 

 apple is a living organism with a more or less definite span of life. If it 

 "lives too fast," either before or after picking, the time it remains in good 

 eating condition is shortened proportionately. 



That fruits develop considerable heat during the ripening process? 

 Apples held at 32° F., generate about u60 b.t.u. per ton per day (a b.t.u. 

 is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound of water 

 one degree F.). At 85° F. about 6600 b.t.u. 's per ton per day are generated. 

 For Bartlett pears, the difference in heat generated at the tvio temperatures 

 is even greater. This so-called heat of respiration is a direct measure of 

 the rate of ripening. 



That apples are a more expensive crop to grov; and market in dried 

 form than either plums and grapes? Apples must be dried artificially. 

 Raisins and prunes are the result of drying in the sun. This is one reason 

 why raisins can be produced for as little as 5/ per pound. 



That 80^ of the 12 million bushel apple crop in VJenatchee County, 

 Washington was harvested last fall by local people? Schools opened three 

 weeks early to permit closing during the harvest season. Stores closed part 



