-2- 



nornal way, and particularly let us remember that other years are coning, years 

 of large yields when, regardless of ceilings and mark-ups, none but the best v;ill 

 command the naximuni price and when vj-e will be obliged to sell when the market can 

 absorb our apples regardless of mark-ups. Then we will need our outlets, our cus- 

 tomers and their good will. VHiat was that parable about the goose that laid the 

 golden egg?" 



V;iIlTER INJURY TO GRAPE VINES 



That grape varieties differ widely in their relative susceptibility to 

 severe winter tempera tures is shown by the results of an examination of the Col- 

 lege vineyard last spring combined with a study of yields this fall. 



During the winter of 1942-43 there were two periods in Amherst whenihe 

 minimum temperature was abnormally low. The first of these periods came on Dec- 

 ember 20 and 21 when the minimum temperature on both dates vms 15 degrees below 

 zero. The second period came on February 15 and 16 Virhen the minimum temperature 

 was 19 below and 23 below, respectively. Vihile some injury may have occurred in 

 December, the greater portion of it probably occurred in February, From the fol- 

 lowing observations on the relative amount of injury it will be noted that Concord, 

 ¥/orden and Fredonia withstood the lovj temperatures remarkably v/ell. 



Agawam - Practically dead, 



Athens - Vine 50/o injured, 



Brighton - Vine 505;o injured; also remaining blossom buds injured, 



Brockton -Canes all injured; trunk O.K, 



Bronx - Trunk dead, 



Buffalo - On one vine, 25^j of canes injured; on other vine, trunk dead. 



Catawba - 75Jo injured. 



Concord -,- Practically no injury. 



Davenport Seedling (blue) - Blossom buds SO^o killed, 



Davenport Seedling (green) - 25^o of vine injured. 



Delffl'mre - 75^' of buds injured. Practically no injury to vines. 



Dunkirk - 10^ of vine injured. 



Eden - Trunk dead. 



Fredonia - lO^i injured, 



Hanover - Trunk dead. 



Hector - One trunk dead; other vine, 25^o of canes injured. 



lona and Keuka - Trunks dead. 



Lindley - eo^'c of vine injured. 



M«rrimac - 50^0 of vine injured. 



Muscat Hamburg - 85',^ of vine injured (other pure Viniferas - 



trunks dead). 

 Niagara - 90^^ of buds injured; practically no injury to vines. 

 Ontario - IQj' of canes injured. 

 Ruby - Trunk dead within one foot of ground, 

 Salem - 50jo of vine injured, 

 Seneca and Urbana - Trunks dead, 

 Vlayne - 60^0 of vine injured. 

 TiTilder - 50^; of vine injured, 

 y/orden - Practica lly no injury. 



Yates - One trunk killed nearly to ground; trunk of other vine O.K. 

 but some cane injury. 



— -rO. C. Roberts 



