42 PHYSICAL TRAINING 



Albrecht Diirer, of Nuremberg, who died in 1528, 

 developed a system in which the height was taken 

 for unity, the length of the foot being one-sixth 

 of this unit, the head one-seventh and so on. 

 This artificial standard seemed faulty to Schadow, 

 another German artist, who died in 1850. He took 

 the measurements of a number of artists' models 

 and from these constructed a table of proportions, 

 and, though he used picked types, and of course a 

 small number compared with the numbers used 

 these days, his figures compare very favorably 

 with those of Hastings in our own time. 



In the middle of the nineteenth century, with 

 the great interest developed in the natural sci- 

 ences, there came, with the close study of the 

 physical man, a careful study of his proportions. 



The word " anthropometry " owes its origin to 

 the man who made the first really intelligent 

 system of measurements. This was Quetelet, 

 who died in 1874. He not only studied human 

 proportions generally, but endeavored to find the 

 normal proportions of the different races. He 

 published a table of the heights and weights of 

 Belgian children, but the development of these 

 measurements with age seems to follow a series 

 quite different from figures found elsewhere, mak- 

 ing it seem that for some of the ages Quetelet did 

 not have a great number of subjects. 



Dr. H. P. Bowditch, of Boston, and Francis 



