VEGE TA TI J 'E RETROD UCT10N. 



219 



The body of the fructification is made up of hyphae, more 

 or less interlaced and adherent, and is of a form adapted, not 

 only to break through the substratum, but also to furnish an 

 extensive surface for the spore-beds, called in these plants the 

 hymenium (fig. 213). The hymenium consists of the enlarged 



Fig. 215. 

 Fig. 215. — A fructification of Clavaria 

 a i< > t\i. The hymenium covers the 

 upper part of the branches. Natural 

 size.— After Kerner. FlG. 216. 



Fig. 216. — A fructification of a mushroom, Amanita phalloides. /. the cap or pileus ; 

 ?■, the veil, originally connected with edge of cap, covering the gills which radiate tnun 

 the stipe, st, to the edge of cap; vo, the volva. The surface ot the gills is covered 

 with the hymenium. Most mushrooms showing a distinct volva are poisonous. 

 Natural size. — After Kerner. 



free ends of the hyphae, which are set at right angles to the 

 surface. Some, the basidia, develop 2-S slender branches 

 each of which produces at the tip a single spore. The hyme- 

 nium may be formed upon the outer surface of the fructifica- 

 tion or in internal chambers (fig. 214). In the latter case 



