VEGETA TIVE REP ROD I r C2 'ION. 



239 



ner) face (fig. 246). In such cases the carpels are generally 

 aggregated in close spirals near the end of a thickish axis, 

 and finally ripen into a cone (tigs. 341, 358), which gives 

 the name to one of the largest orders of gymnosperms, the 



Fig. 247. — .-/, shoot <>f the yew ( lux us baccata) with three ripe seeds, each surrounded 

 by a fleshy aril. Natural size. B, ovule with its tip projecting from the scale leaves 

 dt the shoot it terminates. ( . the same, halved, showing the body of ovule (sporan- 

 gium] and the lone; tube-like integument. O, young seed ol same, with aril partly 

 formed. E, mature seed, halved. The central (white) body is the embryo; around 

 it (dotted) the food ; then the seed coat; then the aril (white!. A', C, /'.A', slightly 

 magnified. — After Kemer. 



Conifers. (See further ^| 404.) The ovules of some gym- 

 nosperms are not borne by carpels, but each terminates an 

 axis, as in the yew (fig. 247). 



335. The closed pistils of angiosperms are usually distin- 



