CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER PAGE 



I. — Introduction 1 



II. — Foliage leaves : The light-relation ... 6 



III. — Foliage leaves : Function, structure, and protection 28 



IY. — Shoots 53 



V.-Roots 89 



VI. — Reproductive organs 109 



VII. — Flowers and insects 123 



VIII. — An individual plant in all of its relations . . 138 



IX. — The struggle for existence ..... 142 



X. — The nutrition of plants 149 



XI. — Plant societies : Ecological factors . . . 1G2 



XII. — Hydrophyte societies c .170 



XIII. — Xerophyte societies 193 



XIV. — Mesopiiyte societies . 233 



Index 239 



