REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS. 



121 



ages of various kinds, which lay hold of animals brushing 

 past, and so the seeds are dispersed. Common illustrations 

 are Spanish needles, beggar ticks, stick seeds, burdock, etc. 

 Study Figs. 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130. 



Fie. 128. Fruits with grappling appendages. That to the left is agrimony ; that to 

 the right is Galium. — After Kerner. 



In still other cases the fruit becomes pulpy, and attrac- 

 tive as food to certain birds or mammals. Many of the 

 seeds (such as those of grapes) may be able to resist the 

 attacks of the digestive fluids and escape from the alimen- 

 tary tract in a condition to germinate. As if to attract the 

 attention of fruit-eating animals, fleshy fruits usually 

 become brightly col- 

 ored when ripe, so that 

 they are plainly seen 

 in contrast with the 

 foliage. 



82. Dispersal of pol- 

 len spores by insects. — 

 The transfer of pollen, 

 the name applied to FlG - 129 - Fruits with ? ra PP lin s appendages. 



r The figure to the left is cocklebur ; that to the 



certain spores oi seed- rig ht is burdock.-After kerner. 



