92 ECONOMICS OF LAND TENURE IN GEORGIA [g 2 



between the races, it goes without saying that the whites 

 are to be credited with a very much larger share of them 

 than are the negroes. While most of the negroes who 

 own land also cultivate it in person, and only sixty per 

 cent of the whites who own land cultivate it in person, 

 still the white owners so far outnumber the negro owners 

 that it is useless to try to make an exact statistical com- 

 parison of the number of white and negro farms that are 

 operated by owners. 



By way of summary it may be said that there are in 

 Georgia six plans of farming based on the relation of the 

 farmer to the soil. Arranged in an ascending order of 

 the economic importance of the farmer in each plan they 

 are as follows : 



i. The cropping system in which the cropper is only 

 to a slight extent manager and capitalist. The cropper 

 is for the most part a laborer, and gets one-half of the 

 crop as wages. There are indications that the system 

 has already begun to decline in Georgia. 



2. The " third and fourth " system in which the renter 

 is the chief manager and important capitalist, and pays 

 the landlord one-third of the grain and one-fourth of the 

 cotton as rent. This system has been rapidly disappear- 

 ing, so that now it is found only here and there in the 

 state. The cropping and the " third and fourth " systems 

 constitute, so far as relates to Georgia, what the census 

 calls the share system. 



3. The " standing rent " plan in which the tenant is 

 managing entrepreneur and capitalist. Under this plan 

 the tenant pays the landlord a definite amount of the 

 product — usually a fixed number of pounds of cotton. It 

 has shown a great increase during the past decade. 



4. The money rental plan represents the highest form 

 of tenancy. In this the tenant is managing entrepreneur 



