INDEX 



Great Auk — contd. 



Places where great auk was 

 to be found up to sixty 

 years ago, 24 

 Size and appearance, 24 

 Wings, use of, as swimming 

 organs, 244 

 Greece — giraffe-like animals 

 found in Miocene 

 strata, 160, 161 

 Groups of animals see Clas- 

 sification 

 Giinther, Mr., 34 

 H 

 Hamilton's, Duke of, estates, 

 ancestry of wild cattle 

 on, 17 

 Helladotherium — giraffe-like 

 animal found in Mio- 

 cene beds, 161 

 Skeleton — ^photograph, 162 

 Herefordshire : 



Fishes with head and body 

 shields found in " corn- 

 stones," 258 

 Interesting specimens, found 

 by the author, of the 

 Pteraspis, 259, 260 

 Hesperornis — extinct water- 

 bird, 244 

 Hipparion — ancestor of the 



horse, 136 

 Holarctic region — zoological 



province, 63, 65, 91 

 Holditch, Sir Thomas, 181 

 Hoofs — double hoofs : 

 Giraffe family, 158 

 Okapi, giraffe-like animal, 

 161, 164 

 Horns : 



Arsinoitherium, 154 

 Dinoceras, 147 



Horns — contd. 



Five-horned giraffe, 157 

 Paired-horns — okapi, 164 

 Rhinoceros and creatures 

 allied, 144, 146 

 Horse : 



Ancestors : 



Five toes — Phenacodus, 



139 

 Later stages from Meao- 

 hippiis to the modern 

 horse traced by abun- 

 dant fossil remains, 139 

 Three-toed ancestors 



found in the Miocene 

 and Pliocene: 

 Anchitherium, 136 

 Hipparion — side toes 

 getting small, 136 

 • Mesohippus, 136 

 Three toes on hind foot 

 and four toes on front 

 foot — Hyracotherium, 

 136, 137, 139, 140 

 Bones and teeth of the ex- 

 tinct South American 

 genus, Onohippidium 

 found in cave of Ulti- 

 ma Speranza, 180 

 Difference between the 

 horse and central typi- 

 cal mammals, 132 

 Man and horse, skeletons 



compared, 70-72 

 Model of thoroughbred 

 English horse, photo- 

 graph of, 133 

 Size, increase in, 140, 166 

 Teeth : 



Cheek-teeth of modem 

 horse more complex 

 than in ancestors, 1 40 



309 



