CHAPTER VIII. 



I. Simple Alternate Leaves. 



2. With teeth. A. Edge not divided. 



THE WILLOWS. 



Goat Willow. Many of the willows, more especially 

 SaUx Caprea. those under cultivation, have become 

 so greatly mixed that it is not easy to discriminate 

 between them.* One of the most troublesome ones in 

 this respect — the goat willow — comes from Europe, but 

 it is very frequently seen in cultivation in this coun- 

 try. It furnishes the stock or the foundation, so to 

 speak, for that beautiful umbrella-shaped tree which is 

 known in our parks and gardens as the Kilmarnock 

 willow, of a "weeping" form. But this willow may 

 at once be distinguished by its roundish leaf; it is 

 oval or long-oval in shape, thick, deep green above 



* It is a singular fact that many willows must be grafted on 

 other species quite a distance above the root, otherwise they never 

 attain any considerable height — that is, if planted in the shape uf 



cuttings. 



Ill 



