Encyclopaedia of Gardening 37 



,ined in, where young wood is wanted, as in Peaches. See 

 Fruit. 



Brier, Common, Sweet, and Penzance. The common Brier, or 

 dog Rose, Rosa canina, is used as a stock for Roses, being taken 

 from the hedges in autumn and budded in summer (see Roses). 

 The Sweetbrier, Rosa rubiginosa, is often used as an inner garden 

 hedge, chiefly on account of the delicious odour which it diffuses 

 after a shower. The Penzance Briers are hybrids, one of the parents 

 of which is the Sweetbrier. They are strong growers in good soil, 

 suitable for pillars, and bear abundance of large brilliant flowers,, 

 followed by large scarlet hips. The following are good varieties: 

 Amy Robsart, Anne of Geierstein, Lucy Ashton, Meg Merrilies, and 

 Rose Bradwardine. The Austrian Brier, Rosa lutea, is a pretty 

 plant with pale yellow flowers. 



Briza, Quaking Grass (bri-za, from brizo, to nod. Ord. Gramineae). 

 See Annuals. Maxima and minor (the latter also known aa 

 minima and gracilis) are both annuals. 



Broccoli. See Brassica and Kitchen Garden. 



Brodiaea (brodiae-a, after Mr. Brodie. Ord. Liliaceae). See 

 Bulbs. 



Bromelia (brome-lia, after Bromel, a Swede. Ord. Bromeliaceae) . 

 Handsome herbaceous perennials, requiring a hothouse. Brac- 

 teata (now referred by b'otanists to the genus Aechmea), with pink . 

 flowers in September; and Pinguin (Binotii), red flowers in spring, 

 are two of the best species. Loam, with a third of decayed manure 

 and some sand, is suitable. Propagation is by suckers. The plants 

 ought to be kept on the dry side in winter. 



Broom. A name commonly applied to certain species of Cytisus, 

 Genista, and Spartium. The Butcher's Broom is Ruscus aculeatus; 

 it is a good plant to grow under trees. The Brooms are very useful 

 owing to their adaptability for light, sandy soils. The early Broom , 

 Cytisus praecox; the Portuguese Broom, C. albus; and the Spanib.i 

 Broom, Genista hispanica, are all good shrubs. Still more hand- 

 some is the beautiful brown and yellow Cytisus scoparius Andreanus. 

 All these are worth planting in beds or shrubberies. 



Brussels Sprout. See Brassica and Kitchen Garden. 



Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoltata). See Flower Garden Water 

 plants. 



Buckthorn, Rhamnus. 



Buckthorn, Sea, Hippophae rhamnoides. 



Budding. Both fruit trees (see Fruit) and Roses (see Brier and 

 Flower Garden) are propagated by means of budding, the buds 

 being inserted in the stocks in summer, preferably after a shower. 

 A proper budding-knife, such as seedsmen sell, is desirable, as with 

 the flat tip of the handle the edges of the bark can be raised quickly 

 and without tearing. It is most desirable that the buds should be 

 kept moist; if they are allowed to get dry they will turn black and 

 shrivel. If Roses are budded early they will often make strong 



