56 Encyclopaedia of Gardening 



when the spikes are cut and put in water. The deciduous kinds rest 

 in winter, when no more water should be given than is required to 

 keep the pseudo-bulbs fresh. The plants may 

 be started into fresh growth in a warm house 

 towards the end of winter, when they should be 

 repotted. The pots should be filled up to one- 

 third their depth with crocks, and the remainder 

 with loam, leaf mould (or peat), and Sphagnum 

 moss in equal parts, the whole lightened with 

 sand and broken charcoal. The material should 

 be filled in nearly to the brim, and the plants 

 set on the top. This plan allows a free run to 

 ^_ the strong roots. The plants must have a light 



*"! ~" , place, and be kept moist in a temperature of 65 



: ' to 75. When the pseudo-bulbs are full grown 

 I' Compost' tlie y ma y S in a cooler > drier house. Propaga- 



tion is by division of the pseudo-bulbs when 

 repotting. The following are the principal species and varieties : 

 Masuca, violet, winter bloomer ; Veitchii, rose, winter (syn. Lima- 

 todes rosea) ; veratrif olia, white, spring ; vestita, pink and white, 

 winter. 



There are several good varieties of the last, notably nivalis, white ; 

 oculata gigantea, white, red blotch on lip; and rubro-oculata, 

 crimson and white. There are also varieties of Veitchii. 



Calceolaria (calceola-ria, from calceolus, a slipper, referring to the 

 form of the flower. Ord. Scrophularineae). There are two dis- 

 tinct types of Calceolaria, the herbaceous and the shrubby. The 

 former dies back to the roots at the end of the growing season, the 

 latter holds its stems and leaves. Herbaceous Calceolarias are 

 generally grown as annuals, fresh batches being raised from seed 

 every year. The principal seedsmen have raised beautiful strains, 

 which form large plants under good culture, covered with large, 

 richly-coloured pouches. The seed is somewhat expensive, and 

 being small should be handled with care (see Begonias, and Water- 

 ing). It may be sown in spring. When the seedlings are fairly 

 started they grow rapidly, and may be repotted till they have 6-in. 

 or /-in. pots, in which they may bloom. They will be safe in an 

 airy frame or cool greenhouse in summer, and may be given a warm 

 greenhouse in autumn if early bloom is required, otherwise they will 

 do in a cool greenhouse. The ordinary shrubby Calceolaria is the 

 dwarf yellow which is often used in flower gardening. It is a 

 brilliant plant, nearly hardy, but is subject to disease, which carries 

 off large numbers in summer. It should be planted a foot apart in 

 April, and sprayed (see Bordeaux Mixture). Cuttings of the young 

 shoots may be taken in October, and put in sandy soil in a cold 

 frame, over which a mat may be thrown in cold weather in winter. 

 Golden Glory is the best variety. Several hybrid, yellow-flowered 

 Calceolarias of more vigorous growth than the bedders have been 

 raised, and they are useful for flowering in greenhouses and 

 conservatories in autumn, winter, and spring. Clibrani is a par- 

 ticularly good one, blooming profusely and being very bright. 



