Encyclopaedia of Gardening 57 



Burbidgei is also good. They are of rambling habit, and make 

 large, showy plants. 



Calendula (Marigold). See Annuals. 



Calla (cal-la, from kalos, beautiful. Ord. Aroideae). Much the 

 most important plant in this genus is the Arum Lily, often called 

 Calla aethiopica,, but now called by botanists Richardia africana. 

 See Arum Lily and Bulbs. 



Calliopsis (calliop-sis)'. See Coreopsis and Annuals. 



Callistemon, Bottle Brush (calliste-mon, from kalistos, most beauti- 

 ful, and stemon, stamen, in allusion to the long scarlet stamens). 

 Singular and attractive evergreens, suitable for a cool house, but 

 must be kept safe from frost in winter. The close spikes, with their 

 long stamens, have gained the popular name of Bottle Brush. The 

 plant enjoys a compost of peat and loam in equal parts, with sand. 

 It may be propagated by cuttings inserted in sandy peat in late 

 spring. The principal species are lanceolatus (syn. semperflorens, 

 also called Metrosideros citrina and M. semperflorens) and speciosus 

 (also called Metrosideros speciosa), both of which have crimson, 

 flowers. 



Callistephus (callisteph-us, from kalistos, most beautiful, and! 

 Stephanos, crown). The China Aster, C. hortensis (syn. chinensis) is 

 offered by some seedsmen under the name of Aster sinensis, and is- 

 well worth growing, as it produces large blue flowers freely in summer. 

 It should be grown as a half-hardy annual. See Annuals. 



Calluna, Ling, Heather (callu-na, from kalluno, to adorn. Ord- 

 Ericaceae). The common Ling or Heather is Calluna vulgaris, a 

 British plant with purplish flowers. It is well known as a wilding,, 

 but its varieties, alba, white; Hammondi, white; pygmaea, dwarf ; 

 argentea, silvery leaves, are more esteemed for gardens. They like 

 peaty soil, but will grow in most good garden soils. Propagation is- 

 by cuttings. For the best Heaths, see Erica. 



Callus. A swelling at the base of a severed shoot, which springs, 

 from the cambium layer at the junction of bark and wood. It is- 

 the precursor of rooting. Gardeners speak of cuttings " callusing." 



Calochortus (calochor-tus, from kalos, beautiful, and chortus, grass,, 

 in allusion to the slender leaves. Ord. Liliaceae). See Bulbs. 



Caltha, Marsh Marigold (cal-tha, from kalathos, a goblet. Ord. 

 Ranunculaceae). The Marsh Marigold is a useful waterside plant, 

 and several good garden forms are procurable, such as bicolor, 

 white; monstrosa flore pleno, large double; and nana flore pleno, 

 dwarf double. They thrive in moist soil, and are increased by 

 division in spring. 



Calycanthus, Allspice (calycan-thus, from kalyx, calyx, and anthos^ 

 flower, referring to the coloured calyx). These plants are fragrant 

 both in bloom and -leaf. The brownish flowers of C. floridus are not 

 conspicuous, but they are deliciously fragrant. They are borne in 

 June. It is illustrated in the Botanical Magazine, t. 503. There 

 are several varieties of it, of which asplenifolius and variegatus are 



