Encyclopaedia of Gardening 83 



Cockchafer (Melolontha vulgaris). In its grub stage the May bug 

 feeds on the roots of trees and as a beetle on the leaves. The most 

 harm is done as grubs, more particularly because, working under 

 ground, they are not seen. If trees suffer from no apparent cause 

 it is well to fork up the soil and leave the starlings to find the pests. 



Cockscomb. See Celosia. 



Cockspur Thorn, Crataegus crista-galli. 



Cocoa-nut Fibre Refuse. This is the best material for plunging 

 (see Bulbs), and it may be used repeatedly for the purpose. In a 

 moist state it is good for freshening up imported Lilium bulbs before 

 potting them. It is also useful for mulching beds in summer, 

 checking the escape of moisture. 



Cocos (co-cos, from coco (Portuguese), a monkey, in reference to 

 the shape. Ord. Palmae). The Cocoa-nut Palm, C. nucifera, has 

 no particular value horticulturally ; but the species Weddeliana is 

 one of the most graceful of small palms for greenhouse and room 

 decoration. See Palms. 



Codiaeum, Croton (codiae-um, from codebo, the Malayan name. 

 Ord. Euphorbiaceae) . See Croton. 



Codlin Moth. See Fruit Apples. 



Coelogyne (coelog-yne, from koilos, hollow, and gyne, female, 

 alluding to the pistil. Ord. Orchidaceae). A charming genus of 

 Orchids, the most popular members of which are cristata and its 

 varieties. The flowers of the species are white crested with yellow ; 

 those of alba, white; those of lemoniana, white with lemon lip. 

 They are easily grown, as they will thrive in a cool house with Cypri- 

 pedium insigne, Odontoglossum crispum, and other kinds. They 

 are best grown in baskets with fibrous peat, Sphagnum moss, and 

 crocks. They will appreciate abundance of water both at the root 

 and overhead while in full growth; the supply should be reduced 

 when growth is mature, but they should never be dried off. If 

 repotting is necessary it should be done when new growth starts 

 towards the end of winter. Dayana, a beautiful species with long 

 drooping spikes of yellow and brown flowers, should have a warmer 

 house, as should pandurata, with green and black flowers. 



Coix (Job's Tears). A small genus of grasses (Ord. Gramineae) of 

 which the species Lachryma-Jobi is grown, being treated as a 

 tender annual, and raised from seed in heat in spring, hardened in 

 a frame, and planted out. The seeds are ornamental. See the 



Botanical Magazine, t. 2479. 



Colchicum, Meadow Saffron (col-chicum, from Colchis in Asia 

 Minor. Ord. Liliaceae). See Bulbs. 



Coleus (co-leus, from koleos, a sheath, alluding to the combina- 

 tion of the stamens. Ord. Labiateae). These evergreen shrubs 

 are valued for their coloured leaves; the flowers are inconspicuous 

 in most cases. One species, however, thyrsoideus, has sufficiently 

 attractive flowers to be grown for its inflorescence alone ; the leaves 

 are green and of little ornament. The flowers are pale blue, and 



