Encyclopaedia of Gardening 159 



Enemies : The Plum is not addicted to canker, scab, spot, American 

 blight, codlin grub, and blossom weevil like the Apple, but it is 

 attacked by caterpillars, aphides, " silver leaf," and gum. Cater- 

 pillars are best checked by grease-banding in autumn, and if that 

 does not suffice by spraying in spring (see Apple). Lime-spraying 

 will check aphides. Silver leaf is a comparatively new but insidious 

 and dangerous enemy, which gets quite into the system of the tree 

 and causes the leaves to assume a grey, shiny appearance. If the 

 disease puts in an appearance, an endeavour should be made to 

 check it by promptly cutting out the affected part and burning it, 

 even destroying a whole tree in case of emergency. No other stone 

 fruit should be planted on the same spot. Varieties : The following 

 are good cooking Plums, suitable for market culture, in order of 

 ripening: (i) Rivers' Prolific, (2) Morocco, (3) Czar, (4) Heron, 

 (5) Victoria, (6) Pond's Seedling, (7) Monarch, (8) President. Belle 

 de Louvain, White Magnum Bonum, and Pershore are also good 

 Plums. The following are garden varieties of good flavour : Green- 

 gage, Early Transparent, Late Transparent, Bryanston Gage, 

 Jefferson's Gage, and Coe's Golden Drop. 



Quince (Pyrus Cydonia). A highly aromatic fruit, colouring 

 bright yellow when ripe, and useful for jelly. The tree is of rather 

 straggly habit, but the root system is shallow and fibrous, thus 

 rendering it valuable as a stock (see Pears). The Quince will thrive 

 in well-drained loamy soil. It is propagated by cuttings and 

 layers, principally the latter. 

 There are several ornamental 

 varieties, and one, Japonica, the 

 Japanese Quince, is much planted 

 as a shrub for walls on account 

 of the profusion of large and 

 brilliant flowers with which it 

 clothes itself in sp~mg. The 

 variety Maulei is also fine. 



Raspberry (Rubus Idaeus). 

 The Raspberry is an esteemed 

 fruit, alike for cooking and pre- 

 serving, and fortunately it can 

 be grown successfully in all but 

 the poorest soils. It does not 

 like dry, hot ground, however. 

 Its nature is to spread at the root 

 by underground suckers near the 

 surface, and to throw up long, 

 slender shoots bearing leaves; 

 these shoots produce small fruiting clusters the following year 

 sometimes the same year, but that is not desirable except where late 

 fruit is wanted. It will be gathered that the way to get heavy crops 

 of Raspberries is to manage them so as to secure an annual succession 

 of good fruiting canes. There is no difficulty about this. If young 

 suckers are taken from the old stools in autumn, planted in deeply 

 tilled, well-manured soil, either a foot apart in a row to be tied to a 

 horizontal wire a yard high, or in clusters of 3 or 5 to form a 



TRAINING RASPBERRIES ON WIRE. 



