Encyclopaedia of Gardening 183 



deciduous perennials, thriving in most soils. Planting should be 

 done between November and mid-April inclusive. Propagation 

 is effected by layers in autumn. The red fruits of some of the 

 species are attractive. Flexuosa (syns. brachypoda and Japonica 

 chinensis) (see the Botanical Register, t. 712) is one of the best of 

 the Honeysuckles, and its variety aureo-reticulata, which has small, 

 gold-netted leaves, is a pretty plant. Caprifolium, with pale 

 yellow flowers, and Periclymenum, yellow and red, are fragrant 

 British species with attractive fruits. Sempervirens has scarlet 

 and yellow flowers (see the Botanical Magazine, t. 761). Frag- 

 rantissima and Standishi are winter bloomers and bear white flowers. 



Hop. See Humulus. 



Hordeum jubatum (hor-deum, the Latin name of barley. Ord. 

 Gramineae). A hardy annual Grass. For culture, see Annuals 

 Hardy. 



Horehound. See Kitchen Garden Herbs. 

 Hornbeam. See Carpinus and Hedge. 

 Horseradish. See Kitchen Garden. 



Hotbeds. A hotbed is very useful in a garden. It may be made 

 up in spring with manure alone. The material should be taken 

 straight from the stables and turned well on successive days to 

 drive off the rank gases; it should then be built up into a bed 

 about a yard high, being well trodden as the work proceeds. A 

 frame can then be placed on. Half-hardy annuals, Tomatoes, 

 Cucumbers, Vegetable Marrows, Celery, and other crops can be 

 raised in a manure-heated frame in spring, being sown in pots or 

 boxes and stood on the manure. Dahlias and other plants can be 

 started in it. A hotbed can also be used for growing Cucumbers 

 and Mushrooms. In autumn manure and leaves can be mixed to 

 force a frame of Violets. 



Hoteia. See Astilbe. 



Hothouse. See Greenhouse. 



Hottonia (Water Violet). See Flower Garden Water plants. 



Houseleek. See Sempervivum. 



Houstonia (housto-nia, after Dr. Houston. Ord. Rubiaceae). 

 H. caerulea is a charming little plant for the rockery, clinging closely 

 to the stones, and bearing blue flowers in spring. It likes a loamy 

 soil, but does not object to lime. Propagation is by division or 

 seeds in spring. There is a white variety. 



Hoya, Wax-Flower (hoy-a, after Mr. Hoy. Ord. Asclepiadeae). 

 There are several species of Hoya, all distinguished by flowers of 

 waxy texture. The most popular is carnosa, pink, blooming in 

 summer (see the Botanical Magazine, t. 778). There is a variety 

 with variegated leaves. Bella, with purple and white flowers (Bot. 

 Mag., t. 4402), is also grown. They are rambling plants suitable 

 for the roof of a warm greenhouse, or a pillar. They like peat, with 

 a third of loam and sand. Propagation is by cuttings in heat in 



