Encyclopaedia of Gardening 189 



Ivy. See Hedera. 



Ivy-leaved Geranium. See Geranium and Pelargonium. 

 Ivy-leaved Toadflax (Linaria Cymbalaria). 



Ixia (ix-ia, from ixia, birdlime, because of the thick juice. Ord. 

 Iridae). See Bulbs. 



Ixiolirion (ixiolir-ion, from ixia, and leirion, lily the Ixia-like 

 Lily. Ord. Amaryllideae). Charming hardy bulbs, flowering in 

 June, suitable for the rockery or the front of the border. They are 

 not particular as to soil. Propagation is by offsets. Montanum 

 and Pallasi, i ft. high, with blue flowers in June, are two of the best. 



Ixora (ixor-a, after the god Iswara. Ord. Rubiaceae). Brilliant 

 hothouse plants, somewhat resembling Bouvardias, but with larger 

 heads of bloom. They like a compost of 2 parts loam, i each leaf 

 mould and decayed manure, and some sand. Propagation is by 

 cuttings in heat when the shoots are half matured. The young 

 plants may be pinched to make them bushy. Regular syringing in 

 summer will do a good deal towards keeping insects under, but 

 if necessary the leaves should be syringed with an insecticide. 

 Vaporise with cones. The best are coccinea, scarlet, summer 

 bloomer; and Duffii (syn. macrothyrsa) , scarlet, summer. Grandi- 

 flora, Fraseri, and superba are. good varieties of coccinea. 



Jacobaea. See Senecio. 



Jacobaea Lily. See Amaryllis (Sprekelia) formossima under Bulbs. 



Jacobinia (jacobm-ia. Ord. Acanthaceae) . Hothouse shrubs 

 with brilliant flowers. J. chryostephana blooms in winter, when 

 it produces large clusters of beautiful yellow flowers (see the 

 Botanical Magazine, t. 5887). Carnea (syn. Justicia carnea) has 

 pale rose flowers in summer (see Botanical Register, t. 1397). 

 Ghiesbreghtiana has scarlet flowers in winter. All grow about 2 ft. 

 high. Equal parts of loam and peat, with a little decayed manure 

 and some sand, suit. Propagation is by cuttings in a propagating 

 case. 



Jacob's Ladder, Polemonium caeruleum. 

 Japan Cedar, Cryptomeria. 



Japanese Dwarf Trees. Considerable interest is taken in these 

 quaint examples of Eastern art, and collections are grown in various 

 British and American gardens. By cramping the roots and twisting 

 the shoots, trees many years old are kept at a height of 2 or 3 ft. 

 They are generally grown in ornamental bowls. Genuine specimens 

 are somewhat expensive. 



Jasmine, Jasminum (jasmi-num, from ysmyn (Arabic). Ord. 

 Oleaceae). These sweet-scented ramblers are great favourites, and 

 one hardy species, nudiflorum, is common in most gardens, large 

 and small, bearing its yellow flowers during mild spells in winter 

 when devoid of leaves (see the Botanical Magazine, t. 4649). 

 The pretty white Jasmine, gracillimum, is also a great favourite 

 (Bot. Mag., t. 6559). It requires a warm house. Grandiflorum 



