GENUS 25. 



CARROT FAMILY. 



641 



25. ZIZIA Koch, Nov. Act. Caes. Leop. Acad. 12: 129. 1825. 



Perennial mostly glabrous herbs, with ternate or ternately compound leaves, or the basal 

 ones undivided as in Thaspium, and compound umbels of yellow flowers, the central fruit of 

 each umbellet . sessile. Involucre none ; involucels of several small bracts. Calyx-teeth 

 prominent. Stylopodium none. Styles elongated. Fruit ovoid, or oblong, glabrous, or nearly 

 so, somewhat flattened at right angles to the commissure, the ribs filiform, not winged; oil- 

 tubes solitary in the intervals, with a small one under each rib. Seed-face flat. [In honor 

 of I. B. Ziz, a Rhenish botanist.] 



Three species, mainly distinguished from the Thaspia by their wingless fruit. Type species : 

 Zizia aurca (L.) Koch. 



Basal leaves 2-3-ternately compound. 



Rays of the umbel numerous, stout; fruit 2" long. i. Z. aurea. 



Rays of the umbel 2-12, slender; fruit about i" long. 2. Z.Bebbii. 



Basal leaves cordate, undivided; fruit about \y 2 " long. 3. Z.cordata. 



i. Zizia aurea (L.) Koch. Early or Golden Meadow-Parsnip. Fig. 3138. 



Smyrnium aureum L. Sp. PI. 262. 1753. 



Z. aurea Koch, Nov. Act. Caes. Leop. 12 : 129. 1825. 



Thaspium aureum var. apterum A. Gray, Man. Ed, 

 2, 156. 1856. 



Zizia aurea obtusifolia Bissell, Rhodora 2 : 225. 

 1900. 



Erect, glabrous, branched, i-2s high. 

 Basal and lower leaves long-petioled, 2-3-ter- 

 nately compound, the segments ovate, or ovate- 

 lanceolate, acute, acuminate or obtusish at the 

 apex, i '-2' long, sharply serrate; upper leaves 

 shorter-petioled, ternate ; rays of the umbels 

 9-25, stout, ascending, i'-2' long; fruit oblong, 

 nearly 2" long, about li". wide. 



In fields, meadows, and swamps 1 , New Bruns- 

 wick to Ontario, Saskatchewan', South Dakota, 

 Florida and Texas. April June. Golden alex- 

 anders. Wild parsley. 



2. Zizia Bebbii (Coult. & Rose) Britton. Bebb's Zizia. Fig. 3139. 



Zizia aurea var. Bebbii Coult. & Rose, Bot. Gaz. 

 12: 138. 1887. 



Zizia Bebbii Britton, Mem. Torr. Club 2 : 35. 1890. 



Slender, ascending, simple or branched, i- 

 2 high. Basal and lower leaves slender- 

 petioled, 2-3-ternate, the segments ovate, 

 oblong, or oval, mostly obtuse, i'-i' long, 

 sharply serrate ; stem-leaves ternate, or biter- 

 nate, short-petioled, or sessile, their segments 

 lanceolate, generally narrower than those of 

 the preceding species; rays of the umbel 2-12, 

 slender, divergenT, i'-3' long; fruit oval, or 

 broader than long, about i" long, often il" 

 wide. 



In mountain woods, Virginia and West Vir- 

 ginia to North Carolina, Tennessee and Georgia. 

 May. Golden alexanders. 



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