GENUS 20. 



MINT FAMILY. 



123 



i. Ballota nigra L. Black or Fetid Hoarhound. 

 Fig. 3614. 



Ballota nigra L. Sp. PI. 582. 1753. 



Herbaceous, puberulent or pubescent, ill-scented; 

 stem usually branched, erect, i2-3 high, its hairs 

 mostly reflexed. Leaves slender-petioled, ovate, or the 

 lower nearly orbicular, acute or obtuse at the apex, 

 coarsely dentate, thin, narrowed, truncate or subcor- 

 date at the base, i'-2' long; clusters numerous, several- 

 flowered, dense; bractlets subulate, somewhat shorter 

 than the calyx; calyx about 4" long, its teeth lanceo- 

 late, sharp, bristle-pointed, spreading in fruit; corolla 

 6"-9" long, reddish-purple to whitish, its upper lip 

 pubescent on both sides; nutlets shining. 



In waste places, eastern Massachusetts to Pennsylva- 

 nia. Naturalized from Europe. June-Sept. Black arch- 

 angel. Hairhound. Henbit. Bastard-hoarhound. 



21. STACHYS [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 580. 1753. 



Annual or perennial glabrous pubescent or hirsute herbs, with small or rather large 

 purple yellow red or white flowers, loosely verticillate-clustered in terminal dense or inter- 

 rupted spikes, or also in the upper axils. Calyx mostly campanulate, 5-io-nerved, S-toothed, 

 the teeth nearly equal in our species. Corolla purple in our species, its tube narrow, not 

 exceeding the calyx, the limb strongly 2-lipped ; upper lip erect, concave, entire or emarginate; 

 lower lip spreading, 3-cleft, the middle lobe broader than the lateral ones, sometimes 2-lobed. 

 Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending under the upper lip of the corolla, the anterior pair the 

 longer, sometimes deflexed or twisted after anthesis ; anthers contiguous in pairs, 2-celled, 

 the sacs mostly divergent. Ovary deeply 4-lobed ; style 2-cleft at the summit into subulate 

 lobes. Nutlets ovoid or oblong. [Greek, a spike, from the spicate inflorescence.] 



About 1 60 species, of wide geographic distribution in the north temperate zone, a few in South 

 America and South Africa. Besides the following, some 20 others occur in the southern and 

 southwestern United States. Type species : Stachys germanica L. 



r A. Perennials. 



Leaves, or some of them narrowed or acute at the base, linear to oblong or lanceolate. 

 Stem glabrous or nearly so, sometimes sparingly hirsute on the angles ; leaves nearly or quite 



entire. 



Leaves i"-2^" long, linear. i. S.hyssopifolia. 



Leaves 2"-$" wide, oblong to linear-oblong. 2. S. atlantica. 

 Stem retrorsely hirsute ; leaves serrate. 



Stem hirsute only on the angles ; leaves slightly pubescent. 3. 5". ambigua. 



Stem densely hirsute all over; leaves densely pubescent. 4. S.arenicola. 



2. Leaves rounded, cordate or truncate at the base, oblong, ovate or lanceolate. 

 Leaves all subsessile or short-petioled. 



Glabrous or very nearly so, the stem-angles sparsely bristly. 

 Stem retrorsely hirsute; leaves pubescent. 

 Leaves lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate. 

 Leaves ovate to oblong-ovate. 

 Leaves, at least the lower, slender-petioled. 

 Stem glabrous, or nearly so. 

 Stem retrorsely hirsute or villous. 



Petioles less than one-fourth as long as the blades. 

 Pubescence hirsute. 

 Pubescence short, dense. 



Petioles, at least those of lower leaves, about one-half as long as 

 blades. 



B. Annuals. 



Plant low, hirsute. 



Plant tall, densely villous. 



5. S. latidens.. 



6. S. palustris. 



7. S.Nuttallii. 



8. 5. tenuifolia. 



g. S. aspera. 

 i o. 5". salvioides. 

 the deeply cordate 

 ii. S. cor data. 



1 2. S. arvensis. 



13. S. germanica. 



