SCROPHULARIACEAE. 



VOL. III. 



2. Kickxia Elatine (L.) Dumort. Sharp-pointed 

 Fluellin or Toad-Flax. Fig. 3741. 



Antirrhinum Elatine L. Sp. PL 612. 1753. 



Linaria Elatina Mill. Card. Diet. Ed. 8, no. 16. 1768. 



Kickxia Elatine Dumont. Fl. Belg. 35.. 1827. 



Elatinoides Elatine Wettst. in Engl.' & Prantl, Nat. Pfl. 



Fam. 4: Abt. 3b, 58. 1891. 



Annual, pubescent ; stems prostrate, usually branched, 

 slender, 6'-2 long. Leaves short-petioled, ovate, i'-i' 

 long, acute or acutish at the apex, triangular, hastate, 

 truncate, or subcordate at the base, the basal auricles 

 divergent, acute; petioles i"-3" long; flowers solitary 

 in the axils, about 3" long; peduncles filiform, gla- 

 brous, or somewhat hairy, usually longer than the 

 leaves ; calyx-segments narrowly lanceolate, acute ; co- 

 rolla yellowish, purplish beneath, its spur slender, 

 straight, declined; capsule subglobose, shorter than the 

 calyx ; seeds wingless. 



In sandy waste places, Canada ( ?) ; Massachusetts to 

 Georgia and Missouri. Naturalized from Europe. Na- 

 tive also of Asia. Called also canker-root. June-Sept. 



4. CHAENORRHINUM [DC.] Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hisp. 2: 



577. 1870. 



Herbs with alternate, usually entire leaves, and violet, blue or white axillary flowers. 

 Calyx 5-parted, the segments narrow. Corolla similar to that of Linaria, but with an open 

 throat and a straight upper lip. Stamens 4, didynamous; filaments slender. Style filiform. 

 Capsule inequilateral, one carpel larger than the other. Seeds ovoid or cuneate, ribbed. 

 [Greek, open nose, referring to the open corolla-throat.] 



About 20 species, chiefly in the Mediterranean region and Asia. Type species; Antirrhinum 

 minus L. 



i. Chaenorrhinum minus (L.) Lange. Small Snap-dragon. Fig. 3742. 



Antirrhinum minus L. Sp. PI. Ed. 2, 852. 1763. 

 Linaria minor Desf. Fl. Atlant. 2: 46. 1800. 

 Chaenorrhinum minus Lange ; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hisp. 

 2: 579. 1870. 



Annual, glandular-pubescent all over; stem 5'-l3' tall, 

 often branched. Leaves linear-spatulate to linear, mostly 

 obtuse, S"-I5" long, narrowed at the base ; flowers shorter 

 than the pedicels, blue or bluish, 2i"-4" long; calyx-seg- 

 ments linear to linear-spatulate, somewhat shorter than the 

 corolla ; spur short and stout, much shorter than the body 

 of the corolla; capsule globose-ovoid. 



Waste grounds and ballast, New Brunswick to New York, 

 Pennsylvania and Michigan. Adventive from Europe. 



5. LINARIA [Tourn.] Mill. Card. Diet. Abr. 

 Ed-. 4. 1754. 



Herbs, some exotic species shrubby, with alternate entire 

 dentate or lobed leaves, or the lower and those of sterile 

 shoots opposite or verticillate, and yellow white blue purple 

 or variegated flowers, in terminal bracted racemes or spikes. 

 Calyx 5-parted, the segments imbricated. Corolla irregu- 

 lar, spurred at the base, or the spur rarely obsolete, 2-lipped, 

 the upper lip erect, 2-lobed, covering the lower in the bud, 

 the lower spreading, 3-lobed, its base produced into a palate 

 often nearly closing the throat. Stamens 4, didynamous, 

 ascending, included ; filaments and style filiform. Capsule ovoid or globose, opening by i 

 or more mostly 3-toothed pores or slits below the summit. Seeds numerous, wingless or 

 winged, angled or rugose. [Latin, linum, flax, which some species resemble.] 



About 150 species, of wide geographic distribution, most abundant in the Old World. Besides 

 the following, another species occurs in Florida. The corolla, especially the terminal one of the 

 raceme, occasionally has 5 spurs and is regularly s-lobed, and is then said to be in the Peloria state. 

 Type species : Antirrhinum Linaria L. 

 Flowers yellow, 8"-is" long; leaves linear; flowers i2"-is" long. 



Leaves alternate. i. L. Linaria. 



Lower leaves whorled. 2. L. supina. 



Flowers blue to white, 3 "-6" long. 



Spur of corolla filiform, curved ; native species. 3. L. canadensis. 



Spur of the corolla short, conic ; European adventive species. 4. L. repens. 



