GENUS 9. 



MADDER FAMILY. 



267 



i. Asperula odorata L. Sweet Woodruff. 

 Fig. 3953- 



Asperula odorata L. Sp. PI. 103. 1753. 



Stems erect, slender, smooth. Leaves usually 

 in 8's (6's-9's), thin, oblong-lanceolate, acute or 

 obtuse, mucronate, i-nerved, roughish on the mar- 

 gins, 6"-i8" long, the lower smaller, often obo- 

 vate or oblanceolate ; peduncles terminal and ax- 

 illary, slender ; cymes several-flowered ; flowers 

 white or pinkish, \\" long; pedicels i"-2" long; 

 fruit very hispid, about i" broad. 



In waste places, New Brunswick, N. J. Fugitive 

 from Europe. Other English names are hay-plant, 

 mugwet or mugget, rockweed, sweet hairhoof, wood- 

 rip, woodrowel, star-grass, and sweet-grass. May-July. 



Asperula arvensis L., another European species, 

 with terminal capitate flowers, and linear obtuse 

 leaves, has been found in waste places on Staten 

 Island. 



2. Asperula galioides Bieb. Bedstraw Asperula. 

 Fig- 3954- 



Asperula galioides Bieb. Fl. Taur. Cauc. i : 101. 1808. 



Glaucous, glabrous, stems erect or ascending, 2i high or 

 less. Leaves linear, rigid, involute-margined, \'-\\' long, about 

 i" wide, whorled in s's-io's (often in 8's), subulate-tipped or 

 mucronate; cymes panicled; flowers white; fruit smooth. 



In fields, Connecticut to Michigan. 

 May-July. 



Adventive from Europe. 



Family 37. CAPRIFOLIACEAE Vent. Tabl. 2 : 593. 1799. 

 HONEYSUCKLE FAMI.-.V 



Shrubs, trees, vines, or perennial herbs, with opposite simple or pinnate leaves, 

 and perfect, regular or irregular, mostly cymose flowers. Stipules none, or some- 

 times present. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, its limb 3~5-toothed or 3 5-lobed. 

 Corolla gamopetalqus, rotate, campanulate, funnel form, urn-shaped, or tubular, the 

 tube often gibbous at the base, the limb 5-lobed, sometimes 2-lipped. Stamens 5 

 (very rarely 4), inserted on the tube of the corolla and alternate with its lobes: 

 anthers oblong or linear, versatile. Ovary inferior, i-6-celled ; style slender ; 

 stigma capitate, or 2-5-lobed, the lobes stigmatic at the summit ; ovules anatropous, 

 i or several in each cavity. Fruit a i-6-celled berry, drupe, or capsule. Seeds 

 oblong, globose, or angular ; seed-coat membranous or crustaceous, smooth or can- 

 cellate ; embryo usually small, placed near the hilum ; radicle terete ; cotyledons 

 ovate. 



About 10 genera and 300 species, mostly natives of the northern hemisphere, a few in South 

 America and Australia. 



Corolla rotate or urn-shaped ; flowers in compound cymes ; styles deeply 2-5-lobed ; shrubs or trees. 



Leaves pinnate; drupe 3-s-seeded. i. Sambucus. 



Leaves simple; drupe i -seeded. 2. Viburnum. 



Corolla tubular or campanulate, often 2-lipped ; style slender. 



Erect perennial herbs ; leaves connate. 3. Triosteum. 



Creeping, somewhat woody herb ; flowers long-peduncled, geminate. 4. Linnaea. 



