290 



DIPSACEAE. 



VOL. III. 



i. Scabiosa arvensis L. Field Scabious. 

 Fig. 4008. 



Scabiosa arvensis L. Sp. PI. 99. 1753. 

 Knautia arvensis T. Coult. Dips. 29. 1823. 



Perennial, pubescent, simple or little branched, 

 i-3 high. Basal and lower leaves petioled, lan- 

 seolate, acute or acuminate, entire, lobed, or pin- 

 natifid, 3'-8' long; upper leaves sessile, often 

 deeply pinnatifid ; heads long-peduncled, depressed- 

 globose, i'-r broad; flowers lilac purple, about 

 6" long ; receptacle depressed-hemispheric, not 

 scaly, covered with hairs between the flowers; 

 achene angled, crowned with the 8 or 10 linear- 

 subulate calyx-teeth. 



In cultivated fields and waste places, Quebec to 

 Massachusetts, Vermont, New York and Pennsyl- 

 vania. Adventive from Europe. Other English 

 names are blue buttons, blue caps, gypsy- or egyptian- 

 rose, pincushion. June-Sept. 



3. SUCCISA (Vaill.) Moench. Meth. 488. 1794. 



Herbs, similar to Scabiosa, with opposite leaves, the flowers in long-peduncled heads, 

 subtended by a several-many-leaved involucre. Scales of the receptacle herbaceous or capil- 

 lary. Involucels grooved, the margins 4-lobed or 4-toothed. Calyx-limb 5-toothed or 5-awned. 

 Corolla oblique, 4-5-lobed. Stamens 4. Achene crowned with the persistent calyx. [From 

 the Latin, to bite off, the rootstock in some species being short and blunt.] 



About 4 species, mostly natives of southern Europe. Type species Scabiosa Succisa L. 



i. Succisa australis (Wulf.) Reichenb. Southern Scabious. Fig. 4009. 



Scabiosa australis Wulf. in Roem. Arch. 3 : Part 3, 



316. 1803. 

 Succisa australis Reichenb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. 196. 



1830. 



Perennial, puberulent or pubescent, at least 

 above ; stem slender, branched, ii-3 high. Basal 

 leaves oblanceolate to oblong, mostly obtuse, 4'-i2' 

 long, the petiole often as long as the blade or 

 longer ; stem leaves distant, lanceolate or oblong- 

 lanceolate, entire, or toothed, short-petioled, or 

 the upper sessile, acute or acuminate; heads of 

 pale blue-purple flowers long-peduncled, rather 

 less than i' in diameter, oblong-ovoid in fruit ; 

 receptacle scaly, the scales about as long as the 

 glabrous, 8-ribbed involucels or longer ; calyx S~ 

 toothed ; achene crowned with 5 calyx-teeth. 



Fields and meadows. Naturalized from Europe in 

 Pennsylvania, central New York and Massachusetts. 

 Pincushion-flower. Summer. 



Succisa Succisa (L.) Britton (Succisa pratensis 

 Moench ; Scabiosa Succisa L.) with villous 4-angled 

 involucels, the calyx-limb s-awned, has been found in fields at Louisburg, Cape Breton Island. 



Family 41. CUCURBITACEAE B. Juss. Hort. Trian. 



GOURD FAMILY. 



1759- 



Climbing or trailing, herbaceous vines, usually with tendrils. Leaves alternate, 

 petioled, generally palmately lobed or dissected. Flowers solitary or racemose, 

 monoecious or dioecious. Calyx-tube adnate to the ovary, its limb campanulate 

 or tubular, usually 5-lobed, the lobes imbricated. Petals usually 5, inserted on 

 the limb of the calyx, separate, or united into a gamopetalous corolla. Stamens 

 mostly 3 (sometimes i), 2 of them with 2-celled anthers, the other with a i-celled 

 anther ; filaments short, often somewhat monadelphous. Ovary i-3-celled ; style 



