294 



CUCURBITACEAE. 



VOL. III. 



with two parietal placentae ; style simple ; stigma mostly 2-5-lobed ; ovules anatro- 

 pous. Fruit a capsule. Seeds very numerous and small ; embryo minute, straight ; 

 endosperm fleshy. 



About 40 genera and over 1000 species, of wide geographic distribution. 



Capsule opening by lateral pores or valves. 



Corolla campanulate, rarely rotate; flowers all complete. i. Campanula. 



Corolla rotate ; earlier flowers cleistogamous. 2. Specularia. 



Capsule opening by terminal pores or valves. 3. Jasione. 



i. CAMPANULA [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 163. 1753. 



Perennial or annual herbs, with alternate or basal leaves. Flowers large or small, soli- 

 tary, racemose, paniculate, or glomerate, regular, complete, blue, violet, or white. Calyx-tube 

 hemispheric, turbinate, obovoid, or prismatic, adnate to the ovary, the limb deeply 5-lobed or 

 5-parted (rarely 3-4-parted). Corolla campanulate or rotate, 5-lobed or 5-parted. Stamens 

 5, free from the corolla ; filaments usually dilated at the base ; anthers separate. Ovary 

 inferior, 3-5-celled; stigma 3-S-lobed. Capsule wholly or partly inferior, crowned by the 

 persistent calyx-lobes, opening on the sides, either near the top, middle or bottom by 3-5 

 small valves or perforations, or tending to be indehiscent in some species. [Diminutive of 

 the Latin campana, a bell.] 



About 250 species, natives of the northern hemisphere. Besides the following, some 8 others 

 occur in the southern and western parts of North America ; all known as Bell-flower. Type species : 

 Campanula latifolia L. 



*Corolla campanulate; flowers solitary, racemose, glomerate, or pamcled. 



Flower solitary at the end of the stem ; arctic and alpine plants. 



Corolla 4"-6" long; capsule-openings near the summit. i. C. uniflora. 



Corolla 6 "-12" long; capsule-openings near the base. 2. C. rotundifolia. 



Flowers racemose, glomerate, or paniculatp. 

 Corolla 7"- 1 5" long. 



Stem leaves linear, the basal orbicular, mostly cordate. 2. C. rotundifolia. 



Leaves all ovate to lanceolate ; plants pubescent or scabrows. 

 Flowers pedicelled, or clustered. 



Calyx and corolla glabrous, or calyx finely pubescent. 3. C. rapunculoides. 



Calyx and corolla bristly-hairy. 4. C. Tracheliuin. 



Flowers sessile in terminal and axillary clusters. 5. C. glomerata. 



Corolla 2" -5" long. 



Plants rough ; style not exserted. 



Corolla white, or tinged with blue, 2^"~4" long; leaves mostly linear-lanceolate, 



crenulate. 6. C. aparinoides. 



Corolla blue, s"-6" long; leaves linear, denticulate with minute callous teeth. 



7. C. uliginosa. 

 Plants smooth, glabrous, slightly viscid ; style long-exserted. 8. C. divaricata. 



** Corolla rotate; flowers spicate. 



9. C. americana. 



i. Campanula uniflora L. Arctic Harebell or Bell- 

 flower. Fig. 4015. 



Campanula uniflora L. Sp. PI. 163. 1/53. 



Perennial, glabrous or nearly so ; stem simple, i-flow- 

 ered, i'-6' high. Leaves linear or linear-oblong, acute, 

 sessile, thickish, entire or sparingly dentate, g"-iS" long, 

 or the lower and basal ones spatulate, obtuse and narrowed 

 into petioles ; flower erect ; calyx-tube turbinate, glabrous 

 or pubescent, shorter than or equalling the lobes ; corolla 

 campanulate, 4"-6" long, blue; capsule cylindric or club- 

 shaped, about 6" long, erect, opening by valves near the 

 summit. 



Labrador and Arctic America to Alaska, south in the Rocky 

 Mountains to Colorado. Also in northern Europe and Asia. 

 Summer. 



