GENUS i. 



CHICORY FAMILY. 



305 



Pappus of rounded scales, with or without an inner series of bristles. 



Bracts of the involucre 9-18, reflexed in fruit, not keeled; pappus-bristles usually more 



numerous than the scales. 



Annuals; pappus-scales 5, obovate or rounded. 4. Krigia. 



Perennials; pappus-scales 10-15, linear or oblong, minute. 5. Cynthia. 



Bracts of the involucre 5-8, erect in fruit, keeled ; pappus-bristles and scales 5. 



6. Cymbia. 

 Bracts of the involucre thickened and keeled after flowering ; pappus none. 7. Arnoseris. 



** Pappus, at least some of it, of plumose bristles. 



Receptacle chaffy. 8. Hypochaeris. 



Receptacle naked. 



Plume-branches of the pappus not interwebbed. 



Flowers yellow ; plants scapose, the leaves basal. 9. Apargia. 



Flowers yellow; plants leafy-stemmed. 10. Picris. 



Flowers pink. n. Ptiloria. 



Plume-branches of the pappus interwebbed. 12. Tragopogon. 



*** Pappus of simple bristles or of some soft white scales. 



t Receptacle with a few deciduous bristles ; flowers yellow 13. Malacothrix. 

 ft Receptacle naked. 



i. Achenes spinulose, or with short processes near the summit. 



Heads few- (6-15-) flowered, yellow; stem branching. 14. Chondrilla. 



Heads many-flowered, yellow, solitary on scapes. 15. Leontodon. 



2. Achenes smooth, or papillose, not spinulose toward the summit, 

 (a) Achenes flattened. 



Achenes truncate, not beaked; flowers yellow. 16. Sonchus. 



Achenes narrowed at the summit, or beaked; flowers blue or yellow. 17. Lactuca. 



(b) Achenes cylindric, or prismatic. 



Achenes terete, not narrowed either at the base or summit; flowers pink or purple. 18. Lygodesmia. 

 Achenes narrowed at the base, narrowed or beaked at the summit ; flowers yellow. 

 Achenes slender-beaked. 



Pappus-bristles not surrounded by a villous ring at base. 19. Agoseris. 



Pappus-bristles surrounded by a villous white ring at base. 20. Sitilias. 



Achenes merely narrowed above, not beaked. 21. Crepis. 



Achenes narrowed at the base, otherwise columnar, truncate (except in 2 species oi.Hieracium). 

 Flowers yellow, orange, or red. 22. Hieraciuin. 



Flowers white, cream-color, or purple. 23. Nabalus. 



i. CICHORIUM [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 813. 1753. 



Erect branching herbs, with alternate and basal leaves, those of the stem and branches 

 usually very small and bract-like, and large heads of blue purple pink or white flowers, 

 peduncled, or in sessile clusters along the branches. Involucre of 2 series of herbaceous 

 bracts, the outer somewhat spreading, the inner erect and subtending, or partly enclosing, 

 the outer achenes. Receptacle flat, naked, or slightly fimbrillate. Rays truncate and 

 5-toothed at the apex. Anthers sagittate at the base. Style-branches slender, obtusish. 

 Achenes 5-angled or 5-ribbed, truncate, not beaked. Pappus of 2 or 3 series of short blunt 

 scales. [From the Arabic name.] 



About 8 species, natives of the Old World, the following typical. 



r 



i. Cichorium Intybus L. Chicory. Wild Succory. 

 Blue Sailors. Bunk. Fig. 4042. 



Cichorium, Intybus L. Sp. PI. 813. 1753. 



Cichorium Intybus divaricatum DC. Prodr. 7: 84. 1838. 



Perennial from a long deep tap-root; stems slightly 

 hispid, stiff, much branched, i-3 high. Basal leaves 

 spreading, runcinate-pinnatifid, dentate or lobed, spatulate, 

 3'-6' long, narrowed into long petioles ; upper leaves much 

 smaller, lanceolate or oblong, lobed or entire, clasping and 

 auricled at the base; heads numerous, i'-ii' broad, 1-4 

 together in sessile clusters on the nearly naked or bracted 

 branches, or sometimes peduncled ; inner bracts of the 

 involucre about 8; flowers blue, or sometimes white. 



Roadsides, fields and waste places, Nova Scotia to Minne- 

 sota, Washington, North Carolina, Kansas, Colorado and Cali- 

 fornia. Bermuda. The ground-up root is used as a substitute 

 or adulterant for coffee. Heads usually closed by noon. The 

 flowers sometimes bear supplementary rays. Blue daisy or 

 dandelion. Coffee-weed. Bachelor's-buttons. Consists of sev- 

 eral races. July-Oct. 



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