COMPOSITAE. 



VOL. III. 



rather broad, the outer connate at base. Receptacle flat, convex or conic. Ray-flowers fertile, 

 the rays short and broad, 3-lobed. Disk-flowers perfect, fertile, with 5 short lobes. Anthers 



notched at the base, with rounded auricles. Style- 

 branches truncate and penicillate. Achenes turbi- 

 nate, pubescent. Pappus of 5-8 acuminate or aristate 

 hyaline scales. [Greek, referring to the thin and 

 pointed pappus scales.] 



Type species : Hymenopappus anthemoides Juss. 



i. Hymenoxys odorata DC. Limonillo. 

 Fig- 4541- 



Hymenoxys odorata DC. Prodr. 5 : 66 1. 1836. 

 Actinella odora'.a A. Gray, Mem. Am. Acad. (II) 4: 101. 



1849. 

 Picradenia odorata Britton, in Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. 3 : 



449. 1898. 

 Philozera multiflora Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1861 : 459. 



1862. 

 H. multiflora Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club 33: 157. 1906. 



Annual ; stem much branched, puberulent, spar- 

 ingly hirsute or glabrous, i-2 high, leafy. Leaves 

 i '-2' long, i-3-parted into filiform, entire, somewhat 

 pubescent segments about 4" wide; heads commonly 

 numerous, 6'-io" broad; involucre campanulate, pu- 

 berulent, its outer bracts 6-9, lanceolate, keeled, 

 acute, united at the base; rays 7-10, cuneate. 



In dry soil, Kansas and Colorado to Texas, Mexico 

 and southern California. April-July. 



84. HELENIUM L. Sp. PL 



1753- 



Erect, mostly branching herbs, with alternate, mainly decurrent, punctate bitter entire or 

 dentate leaves, and large peduncled heads of both tubular and radiate, yellow or brownish- 

 yellow flowers, or rays sometimes wanting. Involucre broad and short, its bracts in i or 2 

 series, linear or subulate, reflexed or spreading. Receptacle convex, subglobose or oblong, 

 naked. Ray-flowers pistillate and fertile, or neutral, the rays cuneate, 3-5-lobed. Disk- 

 flowers perfect, fertile, their corollas 4-S-toothed, the teeth glandular-pubescent. Anthers 

 2-toothed or sagittate at the base. Style-branches of the disk-flowers dilated and truncate at 

 the apex. Achenes turbinate, ribbed. Pappus of 5-8 entire, dentate or incised, acuminate 

 or aristate scales. [The Greek name of some plant, from Helenus or Helena.] 



About 24 species, natives of North and Central America. In addition to the following, some 18 

 others occur in the southern and southwestern United States. Type species : Helenium autumnale L. 



Leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, dentate; rays fertile; disk yellow. i. H. autumnale. 

 Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, mainly entire ; rays neutral ; disk purple. 2. H. nudiflorum. 

 Leaves all linear-filiform, entire ; rays fertile. 3- H. tenui folium. 



i. Helenium autumnale L. False or 

 Swamp Sunflower. Fig. 4542. 



Helenium autumnale L. Sp. PI. 886. 1753. 

 Helenium pubescens Ait. Hort. Kew. 3 : 287. 1789. 

 Helenium aulumnale pubescens Britton, Mem. 

 Torr. Club 5 : 339. 1894. 



Perennial ; stem puberulent or glabrous, 

 rather stout, narrowly winged by the decur- 

 rent bases of the leaves, corymbosely branched 

 above, 2-6 high. Leaves firm, oblong, lan- 

 ceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or acute 

 at apex, narrowed to the sessile base, pinnately 

 few-veined, 2' -5' long, \'-2' wide, dentate, den- 

 ticulate or entire, puberulent, glabrous or pu- 

 bescent, bright green; heads numerous, i'-2' 

 broad, borne on long puberulent peduncles; 

 bracts of the flattish involucre densely canes- 

 cent; rays 10-18, drooping, bright yellow, 

 equalling or longer than the globose yellow 

 disk, pistillate and fertile, 3-cleft ; achenes pu- 

 bescent on the angles; pappus scales ovate. 



In swamps and wet meadows, Quebec to Flor- 

 ida, Manitoba, Oregon, Nevada and Arizona. Yel- 

 low-star. Ox-eye. Sneezeweed. Ascends to 2600 ft. 

 in Virginia. Aug.-Oct. 



