COMPOSITAE. 



VOL. III. 



10. Centaurea solstitialis L. Barnaby's 

 Thistle. Fig. 4665. 



Centaurea solstitialis L. Sp. PI. 917. 1753. 



Annual, cottony-pubescent, branched, i-2 high, 

 the stem and branches winged by the decurrent leaf- 

 bases. Basal leaves pinnatifid, often 6' long; stem 

 leaves lanceolate to linear, mostly entire, the upper 

 i'-i' long; involucre ovoid-globose, about \' thick, 

 its principal bracts tipped by a stout, spreading or 

 reflexed yellow spine, 6"-io" long, with several 

 much smaller ones at its base; flowers yellow, none 

 radiant. 



Waste and cultivated grounds, Massachusetts to New 

 York, Pennsylvania, Ontario and Utah, and in Cali- 

 fornia. Adventive from Europe. July-Sept. 



109. CNICUS [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 826. 1753. 



An annual herb, with alternate pinnatifid or sinuate-dentate leaves, the lobes or teeth 

 spiny, and large sessile heads of yellow tubular flowers, solitary at the ends of the branches, 

 subtended by the upper leaves. Bracts of the involucre imbricated in several series, the 

 outer ovate, the inner lanceolate, tipped by long pinnately branched spines. Receptacle flat, 

 bristly. Achenes terete, striate, laterally attached, the horny margin lo-toothed at the sum- 

 mit; pappus of 2 series of awns, the inner fimbriate, the outer longer, naked; anther-append- 

 ages elongated, united to their tips. [Latin name of Safflower, early applied to thistles.] 



A monotypic genus of the Old World. 



i. Cnicus benedictus L. Blessed Thistle. Our Lady's Thistle. Fig. 4666. 



Cnicus benedictus L. Sp. PI. 826. 1753. 

 Centaurea benedic.a L. Sp. PI. Ed. 2, 1296. 

 1763- 



Hirsute or pubescent, much branched, 

 seldom over 2^ high. Leaves oblong-lan- 

 ceolate in outline, rather thin, reticulate- 

 veined, 3'-6' long, the upper clasping, the 

 basal and lower ones narrowed at the base 

 and petioled ; heads about 2' broad, sub- 

 tended by several large lanceolate to ovate- 

 lanceolate leaves; bristles of the receptacle 

 soft, long; outer awns of the pappus alter- 

 nating with the inner. 



In waste places, Nova Scotia and New 

 Brunswick to Maryland, Pennsylvania, Ala- 

 bama and Michigan, and on the Pacific Coast. 

 Adventive from southern Europe. Holy- or 

 bitter thistle. Sweet-sultan. St. Benedict's- 

 thistle. May-Aug. 



Echlnops sphaerocephalus L., a tall spinose 

 plant, with large clusters of i -flowered invo- 

 lucres, the flowers white or bluish, occasionally 

 escapes from cultivation into waste grounds. 

 It is native of Europe. 



SUMMARY. 



Families. Genera. Species Figured. 



PTERIDOPHYTA '. 1 1 31 130 



SPERMATOPHYTA 



Gymnospermae 2 10 28 



Angiospermae 



Monocotyledones 32 251 1261 



Dicotyledones 



Choripetalae 103 526 1775 



Gamopetalae 46 411 1472 



TOTAL 194 1229 4666 





