tal end forms the stem and the proximal end begins to flatten 

 out into a circumoral disk. In this condition, the bud is 

 set free and sn'ims about, rotating on its Ion:; axis with the 

 stem pointing forward. The mouth is formed at the point where 

 the constriction finally separated the bud from its parent, and 

 the larva fixes itself by the opposite end. 



I In all the above cases this process of budding appears to 

 be merely an incident in the life history of the individual. 

 On the other hand, in Gassiopea Xamachana the process of bud- 

 ding is an important, if not the chief, factor in the perpetu- 

 ation of the species. 



I Development of Cassiopea from Buds. 



I. Formation of the Euds . 

 ' Usually on looking over a collection of the scyphistoma 

 larvae, a considerable proportion will be found to be in the 

 process of budding. Figs. 1 and 19. There is never any 

 stolon such as is figured by Sars, but the bud first appears 

 as a slight swelling on one side of the calyx just above where 

 it tapers into the stem. jt involves all three layers of the 

 body wall. Fig. 27. At an early stage in the growth of the 

 bud, the four septal muscles may be found as four slender cords 

 of cells embedded in the jelly and apparently growing out from 



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