1886.] PUBLIC DOCUMENT — No. 33. 91 



The pomace is richer in nitrogenous matter than the apple 

 from which it has been produced. The money value of its 

 fodder constituents is usually assumed to be, pound for 

 pound, one-third higher than that of the whole apple which 

 served for its production. 



A well-matured apple yields, in a good mill, from 55 to 

 60 per cent, of juice and from 40 to 45 per cent, of pomace. 

 European authorities (E. Wolff) consider the money value 

 of the fodder constituents contained in good varieties of 

 apples and pears somewhat higher than that contained in an 

 equal weight of turnips ; and those of the apple pomace 

 equal to those of sugar beets. 



Apples and apple pomace ought to be fed in moderate 

 quantities, similar to those adopted in case of root crops, to 

 secure their full benefit as an efficient ingredient of the daily 

 diet for various kinds of farm live stock. Being deficient, 

 comparatively speaking, in nitrogenous and certain saline 

 constituents, they ought to be liberally supplemented for 

 dairy stock with wheat shorts, bran, oil cakes, clover, good 

 hay, etc. 



It has been recommended to sprinkle, in the earlier part 

 of the season, over the crushed, half-matured apple mass, 

 some pulverized chalk, to counteract the action of an excess 

 of free organic acids on the dio^estive organs. 

 . Some of the pomace has been ensilaged to study the 

 changes in the silo. 



The scarcity of reliable analyses of our prominent fruit 

 trees, as well as of parasitic vegetation, which at times 

 appears upon them, may serve as an excuse for closing this 

 chapter with some analyses of C. Erdmann, taken from his 

 dissertation, "The Inorganic Constituents of Plants": Got- 

 tingen, 1855. 



Analysis of Apple-tree ( Wood). 



[Collected in the beginning of June.] 



Per cent. 



Potassium oxide, 8.461 



Sodium oxide, 1.83G 



Calcium oxide, 57.070 



Magnesium oxide, 2.827 



Phosphate of iron, 1.400 



