1888.] PUBLIC DOCUMENT — No. 33. 155 



the spring as the land will work. Black-cap raspberries 

 must be planted with the large central bud near the surface, 

 as deep covering often destroys it ; the roots, however, 

 must be put, obliquely, as deep as they will go. It is im- 

 portant that the soil be pressed very finely about the roots 

 before all is filled in, and that upon the surface be left light. 

 It often happens that trees are received from the nursery 

 in a dry, shrivelled condition, which, if planted in that state, 

 would certainly foil to grow. They may be improved, and 

 sometimes saved, by burying top and root in moist soil for 

 a few days or a week; then, by severe pruning at planting, 

 they will be much more certain to grow. 



After Care. 



It often happens that trees received in good condition, 

 and very carefully planted, foil to grow from want of after 

 care. This, for the first season, consists in seeing that a 

 sufficient supply of moisture is present about the roots. 



In time of drought, watering may be avoided by covering 

 the ground, for several feet about the tree, with mulch, five 

 or six inches deep, or by stirring the surface soil once or 

 twice each week. Trees planted in turf are especially liable 

 from the moisture being taken up by the surrounding grass 

 'roots. This can only be prevented by covering the ground 

 with a mulch of any waste material, like corn stover, old 

 hay, straw, shavings, sawdust, fine brush, cider pomace, 

 meadow mud or peat. 



The same result may be obtained by packing the loose 

 stones, often found about the trees. Mulching material of 

 any kind should not be in contact with the trunk of the 

 trees from Nov. 1 to May 1, unless they are protected by 

 banking up, or by a tin or tar-paper band about them to pro- 

 tect from injury by mice. 



