SECTION OF THE SOUTH JOGGINS. 157 



some places into conglomerates with quartz pebbles, and interstratified 

 with reddish and chocolate shales. The sandstones predominate. 



Fossils are not numerous in these beds. Those found are Dadoxy- 

 lon materiarium, of which there are many drifted trunks in the sand- 

 stones, in a blackened and calcified condition, Calamites Suckovii, C. 

 Cistii, Calamodendi^on approximatiim, Lepidodendron undulatum^ 

 Lepidophloios parvus, and Stigmaria Jicoides. As in the Upper Coal 

 Formation of Pictou, trunks of Conifers and Calamites are the most 

 abundant fossils. 



Division 2. 



This occurs at Ragged Reef and its vicinity. Its thickness is 650 

 feet. It constitutes the lower part of the Upper Coal Foi'mation. 



The rocks are white and gray sandstones with occasional reddish 

 beds, and red and gray shales. The sandstones and shales are nearly 

 in equal proportions. Underclays, or soils supporting erect plants, 

 probably Sigillarice, occur at two levels. 



Fossils are not numerous. Those collected were Sigillaria scutellata 

 and Stigmaria jicoides, Calamites Suckovii, Sphenopteris liymenopTiyl- 

 loides, Alethopteris lonchitica, Cyclopteris heterophylla{f), Beinertia 

 Go'pperti, and portions of the strobiles of two species of Lepidophloios, 

 namely, Lepidophyllum lanceolatum and L. trinerve. 



Division 3. 



This extends in descending order from the vicinity of Ragged Reef 

 to M'Cairn's Brook. Its thickness is 2134 feet. It includes the 

 upper part of the " Middle Coal Formation," and is perhaps equivalent, 

 in part at least, to the Upper Coal Measures of Great Britain, and to 

 the Upper Coal Formation of American authors. 



It includes 1009 feet of sandstone, almost all of which is gray, and 

 912 feet of gray and reddish shale and clay. It contains 22 beds of 

 coal, all of small thickness, and most of them of coarse quality. 

 Below, I give each bed of coal in detail, with its roof and floor and 

 its fossils ; and the intervening mechanical beds in brackets. The 

 thickness of the roofs and floors is included in that stated for the 

 intervening beds. 



ft. in. 

 (Carbonaceous shale, gray understone, with Stigmaria 



and gray shale) 7 



( Gray ai-giilaceou.s shale. 



Coal-group 1 < Coal, 1 inch 1 



( Gray argillaceous uiulerclay, Stifjmaria. 



The roof holds abundance of Alethopteris lonchitica. The 

 coal is coarse and earthy, witli much epidermal and bast 



