442 



THE CARBONIFEROUS SYSTEM. 



Fig. 163. — Calamites. 



A, Calamites Suckovii, restored. 

 A', Foliage. 



A2, Ribs and scars. 



A3, Roots. 



A*, Base of stem. 



B, Calamites Cistli, restored. 



B', Leaves. 



B2, Leaf enlarged. 



C, Leaves of C. nodosus. 



C, Whorl enlarged. 



D, Structure of stem. 



E, Vessels magnified. 



