NOVA SCOTIA. 573 



equivalent to the Niagara of New York and tlie Wenlock of England. 

 (3.) The Lower Arisaig series repi*escnts the Clinton of New York, 

 and the Upper Llandovery series of England, with perhaps a 

 portion of the time elsewhere represented by the Wenloek or 

 Niagara. (4.) It is not improbable that the fossilifcrous I'ocks re- 

 cognised by Dr Iloncyman at Doctor's Brook may ixpresent a some- 

 what lower member of the Upper Silurian, but still probably not so 

 low as the Medina and Oneida of New York, or the Lower Llan- 

 dovery of England. I entertain no doubt that farther and more 

 minute investigation will make the details of our Nova Scotian and 

 New Brunswick Upper Silurian more complete. I think, however, 

 that the above general comparison will continue in the main to hold 

 good. In my own limited researches, I have found much difficulty 

 to arise from the want of identity of the fauna with that of typical 

 Silurian localities, from the imperfect preservation and frequent dis- 

 tortion of the fossils, and from the difficulty of tracing the succession 

 of the contorted and faulted beds. These difficulties can only be 

 finally overcome by detailed surveys and extensive collection of 

 specimens. In the meantime, much caution is necessary in writing 

 on the subject. 



2. Uppei^ Silurian of Neiv Bi^iinsicicJc. 



I have coloured certain limited areas in Southern New Brunswick 

 as Upper Silurian, on evidence which I think indisputable, collected 

 principally by Mr Matthew and Professor Bailey, and detailed in a 

 paper by the former in the Journal of the Geological Society, and in 

 the Report of the latter on the Geology of Southern New Brunswick. 

 From these sources the following statements are taken. These rocks 

 constitute the " Kingston Group" of the last mentioned Report, from 

 which I quote the following description : — 



" The peninsula of Kingston, constituting the neck of land lying 

 between the Long Reach and the Kennebeckasis in the county of 

 King's, has heretofore been described as a region composed solely of 

 eruptive rocks, such as trap, syenite, and greenstone, and in previous 

 geological maps has been undistinguished from the widely different 

 volcanic beds which occur in other portions of the province. In 

 reality this group of rocks is quite distinct, and is of very uniform as 

 well as remarkable characters. 



" To describe the district as wholly a volcanic one is essentially 

 erroneous. Although beds of such an origin are abundant, and taken 

 collectively occupy much space, they are seldom purely eruptive, being 

 invariably associated with aqueous deposits, and being themselves for 



