TIJE C.i;OLOrxICAL MAP, 11 



been omitted on my map. I have also found tliat tliesc Devonian 

 rocks, represented by red and gray sandstones with characteiistic 

 fossils, come in, in great force, near Casaupscal, on the east side of the 

 Metapedia, and just on the northern limit of the map. 



liocks characterized by fossils of Upper Silurian age skirt the 

 southern side of the great crystalline belt extending south-westward 

 from Bathnrst in New Brunswick, and doubling round the south- 

 west end of the Carboniferous area of that province. They ai'e 

 coloured in the map as Lower Silurian, and by an error of the 

 colourist are extended over a part of the Carboniferous area near 

 Bathurst. On the other hand, a portion of the Upper Silurian area 

 near the lower part of the St John Kiver, and constituting the 

 Kingston group, is regarded as in part at least occupied with older 

 rocks. In Nova Scotia, rocks of Upper Silurian age skirt the Cobe- 

 quid Hills from Wentworth to New Annan and Earlton, and reappear 

 on the East River of Pictou, extending thence to Arisaig and Loch- 

 aber Lake. To the westward they reappear and cover considerable 

 areas at New Canaan and elsewhere in King's County, and also in 

 Northern Queen's County. All these districts are indicated in my 

 map by the proper colour, but I have included with them large areas 

 occupied by non-fossiliferous rocks of various mineral characters, 

 and which subsequent observers have been disposed to assign to a 

 much older date. The reasons of this will be discussed farther on.* 

 In the meantime, I may state that there are some grounds for the 

 belief that considerable areas marked as Upper Silurian in Nova 

 Scotia and Cape Breton may prove to be Lower Silurian, or even 

 older, and that if we confine the colour to those areas in which fossils 

 of Upper Silurian age have been actually recognised, its breadth will 

 be restricted, both in the east and west, to certain nari'ow bands in 

 the districts so coloured on the present maps. 



Unfortunately, with one possible exception in Cape Breton, no dis- 

 tinct fauna of the typical Lower Silurian age has yet been recognised 

 in the Acadian Provinces. A few Graptolites found by Mr. Robb in 

 the great belt north of the crystalline area already referred to in 

 New Brunswick, would seem to indicate equivalents of the Quebec 

 group. In Nova Scotia there are stratigraphical reasons to suppose 

 that portions, at least, of the remarkable semi-volcanic or ash 

 rocks, which underlie the beds with Upper Silurian fossils, may be 

 of this age. 



With reference to the great belt of Lower Silurian constituting the 

 Gold series on the coast of Nova Scotia, its age was held by me in 

 * Uiiilcr headings " Lower Silurian " and " Cambrian." 



