THE PERMO-CAUBONIFEllOUS. o7 



River there arc concretions of gray copper, and fossil trunks of trees 

 penetrated by tliis mineral ; and some of the fossil trees found in the 

 sandstones on the coast are partly mineralized with sulphate of 

 baryta. 



The only material difference in mineral character is that red beds 

 become more prevalent toward the upper part of the section, where 

 the general character of the series is precisely that of the supposed 

 Upper Coal formation rocks at Mimiuigash, Governor's Island, and 

 Gallas Point in Prince Edward Island, and on the coast of New 

 Brunswick at Cape Jourimain.* 



The following statements, reduced from my sectional lists, will 

 serve to illustrate these points of mineral character. 



In the whole section the sandstones, including the argillaceous 

 sandstones, are to the shales in the proportion of about two to one 

 in vertical thickness, and the gray and buff sandstones are about equal 

 to those which are brown and red, while the red and mottled shales 

 greatly preponderate over those whicli are gray. 



In the lower half of the section, extending to the mouth of Toney 

 River, the gray sandstone, red sandstone, and shales (mostly red) are 

 in the proportions of 4^, 3, 6^. In the upper half of the section they 

 are in the proportions of 4^, 5|^, 3 ; so that red sandstones become 

 decidedly more prevalent in the upper part, where there is also a 

 greater proportion of coarse pebbly sandstones and of light-red shale 

 with greenish stains. 



If we compare this with the upper part of the Joggins section as 

 given in Sir William Logan's lists, we find a thickness of 2267 feet ; 

 and if we regard the Ragged Reef Sandstones as equivalent to the 

 heavy sandstones at the base of the Pictou section, it is possible that 

 the upper part of the latter is not represented at the Joggins. Taking 

 the proportions of sandstones and shales at the latter place, Ave find 

 them to be gray sandstone 12, red and brown sandstone 1, shale 10; 

 so that here the proportions of sandstones to shales are not very dis- 

 similar to those in the lower part of the Pictou series, but the gray 

 sandstones are greatly more prevalent. Like those in the upper part 

 at Pictou, some of tlie upper beds at tlie Joggins are coarse and 

 pebbly, a character not observed in either Coal-field, in the sandstones 

 of the j\I iddle Coal formation. 



If, on tlie other hand, we turn to Prince Edward Island, the geo- 

 logical relations, and especially the fact that the outcrops on Prince 

 Edward Island correspond with the extension of two of the New 

 Brunswick Carboniferous anticlinals, would lead us to believe that 



* Report on Prince Edward Island. 



