84 A GLOSSARY OF GREEK BIRDS 



KIPKOI {continued). 



xv. i. 19, with which it salves its eyes, Anatol. p. 297 (cf. lepag) ; and is 

 killed by pomegranate-seed (poias cridrjv Konelaav), Ael. vi. 46, Phile, 637. 

 Used by fowlers, Opp. Cyn. i. 64 airols eVt dpvpa. crvvepiropos eWero 



KtpKOS. 



The bird is not identifiable as a separate species, and is so recog- 

 nized by Scaliger and others. Neither the brief note as to its size 

 in a corrupt passage of the ninth book of the History of Animals, nor 

 the mystical references to its alleged hostilities and attributes in 

 Aristotle, Aelian, and Phile, are sufficient to prove that the name 

 indicated at any time a certain particular species. The word is 

 poetical, and is chiefly used in relation to neXeia, or with reference 

 to Apollo. The attempts on the part of commentators to assign KipKos 

 to a particular species are all based on the epithet Xenapyos. Thus 

 Sundevall suggests the Hen Harrier or Ringtail, Circus cyaneus, of 

 which the male is blueish-grey : while Belon and others of the older 

 naturalists, followed by Camus, assigned the name to the Moor Buzzard 

 or Marsh Harrier, C. aeruginosus, which is only white beneath the 

 tail. But the meaning of Xenapyos is in reality unknown ; it will not 

 bear using, nor is it likely to have been used, as a specific or diagnostic 

 epithet. Cf. s.v. iruyapyos. 



The chief allusions to KipKos are obviously mystical, though the 

 underlying symbolism, involving also the symbolic meanings of the 

 Hoopoe, the Dove, the Crow, the Fox, the Pomegranate, &c., is not 

 decipherable. In this connexion, the passage in Opp. Cyn. iii. 293-339 

 is important and suggestive, but I refrain from putting forward a tenta- 

 tive hypothesis as to its meaning ; we have here enumerated five kinds 

 of Xvkol, of which the first is Togevrrjp or £ovd6s, the next three are 

 KipKos, xpvcreos, IktIvos, and the last 6t]pevei eVi 7rTa>K€(r(riv opovtov, i.e. is 

 \ay<o(p6vos (the last two are called amoves, q» v.) ; of these five names 

 the last four are all also names or epithets of hawks. 



Kl'PYAOI, Hesych., for KeipuXos, KYjpu'Xog. 



Kl'XXA, s. Ktrra, also Keurcra (Hesych.). The Jay, Garrulus glan- 

 dart'us, L. Mod. Gk. Kiaa-a (Heldr.); cf. Ital. Gazza, in its 

 many dialectic forms. Perhaps one of the many bird-names 

 connected with rt. kak, to cry, quasi kik-ja (v. Edl., p. 52); 

 cf. Sk. kiki, a Jackdaw, with which Von Edlinger connects 

 O. H. G. heh-aro, Germ. Hdher, the Nutcracker. See also s.v. 



j3d(TKlXX0S. 



Ar. Av. 302, 1297; with ed. 2vpaKova-ios. Arist.H. A. viii. 3, 592b 

 persecuted by e\e6s and alyooXios. (Cf. De Gen. iv. 6, 774 b ; Plin. x. 

 79 [60].) Arist. H. A. ix. 13, 615 b, 616 (pavas /nera/3uXXei nXeiaTus (kci6* 

 iicdo-Trjv yap ws etrreii/ rjpepav aXXrjv dcpirjcri)' TiKTei de 7rep\ evvea eoa, 7roietrai 



