572 INSECTS WITHOUT WINGS. 



worm, where it remains until it bursts its covering, and 

 comes forth a butterfly, adorned with various hues. 



The fourth order of winged insects come from a worm 

 instead of a caterpillar, and yet go through the same 

 varieties as those we have just described, yet differing 

 from them in their wings, which are not covered with 

 a downy coat ; among these may be placed the numer- 

 ous tribes of gnats, beetles, bees, and flies. 



To these may be added a fifth order, known to Natu- 

 ralists by the name of zoophytes, which seem a set of 

 creatures placed as it were between the animal and vege- 

 table tribe. Some of these, though cut into an hundred 

 parts, still retain a principle of life, and each divided 

 part becomes perfect in its make. To this class be- 

 longs the polypus, the earth-worm, and all the varieties, 

 of the sea-nettle kind. 



All animals resembling the flea, the louse, the spider, 

 the bug, the wood-louse, the water-louse, and the scor- 

 pion, never acquire the aid of wings, but pass their live* 

 in the same unchanging state in which they were pro- 

 duced from the egg. If we consider this class as dis- 

 tinct from the rest, we shall find them longer-lived than 

 the generality of the insect race, as one season usually 

 decides their fate. They likewise seem less subject to 

 the influence of weather, and endure its rigour without 

 being numbed into torpidit}', or destroyed by cold. 



OF THE SPIDER AND ITS VARIETIES. 



In this country, where human assiduity is constantly 

 exertedto the destruction of the insect tribe, we are for- 

 tunately insensible of the evils they are able to produce; 

 and the house-spider, the garden-spider, the wandering- 

 spider, and the field-spider, may all be considered as a 



