172 FRIENDS AND ENEMIES OF PLANTS 



The Brown Rot of Stone Fruits. This is a common disease of 

 the plum, peach, and cherry which spreads very rapidly in warm, 

 moist weather. It begins as a small dark brown spot on the par- 

 tially ripened fruit and gradually spreads all over it. The fruit 

 finally dries up and forms a mummy which generally hangs on the 

 tree all winter. These mummies contain millions of the dried 

 spores which, if not destroyed, will affect the fruit the following 

 year. They should be shaken off and destroyed by burning or 

 fed to hogs. The tree should be sprayed in summer with self- 

 boiled lime-sulphur made of 8 pounds of stone lime, 8 pounds of 

 sulphur flour, and 50 gallons of water. 



The Black Rot of Grapes. This disease begins as a purplish 

 brown spot and gradually spreads over the grape, which finally 

 shrivels up and turns black. The Bordeaux solution is effec- 

 tively used, but because of its staining the fruit the following 

 mixture is preferable for spraying nearly mature fruit: 



Copper Carbonate . . . . 5 oz. 

 Strong Ammonia .... 3 pt. 

 Water 50 gal. 



At first use only water enough to make a thin paste, then put in 

 the ammonia and mix thoroughly before adding the remainder 

 of the water. 



The Bordeaux solution is made up as follows: 



Copper Sulphate Blue vitriol . 5 Ib. 

 Unslaked Lime . . . . 5 Ib. 

 Water . . . . . .50 gal. 



Bitter Rot of Apples. This is a disease that usually does not 

 affect the fruit until it is nearly ripe or fully matured. It generally 

 appears as small brown spots which gradually unite and cause the 

 fruit to rot. All apples affected with it should be destroyed. Its 

 ravages may be checked by the use of Bordeaux mixture. 



Apple Scab. This disease attacks both fruit and foliage, form- 

 ing sooty spots on the leaves and brownish scabs on the fruit. 

 Use the same remedies recommended for black rot. 



Peach Leaf Curl. This is a disease which causes the leaves 

 to curl and twist up until they turn dark and fall off. The fruit 

 shrivels up and cannot be used. The damage resulting from it 



