272 ROADS AND ROAD BUILDING 



Telford Roads. The telford road, like the macadam road, is 

 a Scotch product. It differs from the macadam road in having 

 its first layer of large flat stones laid in regular order. 



Section of a telford road. 



Brick-paved Roads. In some localities, where brick of good 

 quality are manufactured under favorable conditions as to cost 

 and accessibility, they may be used to good purpose in construct- 

 ing roads and streets. The usual method is to grade and to pre- 

 pare the surface in the same way as for a dirt road. The soil 

 must be thoroughly compacted with the steam roller and leveler, 

 so that there will be no settling of the roadbed afterwards. A 

 little sand is scattered over the surface first, and then a course of 

 brick is laid down flatwise, and this is followed with more sand 

 and another course of brick laid down lengthwise. In some 

 cases, sand is again used to fill the crevices among the brick, in 

 the top layer; and in other cases, melted pitch is used. The latter 

 material is the most satisfactory for fillings, as it is impervious to 

 water and binds and holds the brick together. In cities the 

 gutters or side ditches are built up of concrete; but in building 

 country roads, cobblestones are sometimes used for this purpose. 

 After the top course of brick is laid, the roadbed should be care- 

 fully rolled with the steam roller, until the surface is even and free 

 from inequalities. 



Cobblestone Roads. Heavy cobblestones of considerable size 

 are often used for paving on streets and highways where there is 

 much heavy hauling. In this arrangement the construction is 

 similar to that for brick paving, except that square blocks of stone, 

 about the size of three or four bricks, are used for the paving 

 material. 



