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APPENDIX 



4. DOMESTIC WEIGHTS AND MEASURES 



Apothecaries' Weight. 20 grains = 1 scruple; 3 scruples = 1 dram; 8 

 drams = 1 ounce; 12 ounces = 1 pound. 



Avoirdupois Weight (short ton). 2 7| grains = 1 dram; 16 drams = 1 

 ounce; 16 ounces = 1 pound; 25 pounds = 1 quarter; 4 quarters = 1 cwt. ; 

 20 cwt. = 1 ton. 



Avoirdupois Weight (long ton). 27| grains = 1 dram; 16 drams = 1 

 ounce; 16 ounces = 1 pound; 112 pounds = 1 cwt.; 20 cwt. = 1 ton. 



Troy Weight. 24 grains = 1 pennyweight; 20 pennyweights = 1 ounce; 

 12 ounces = 1 pound. 



Circular Measure. 60 seconds = 1 minute; 60 minutes = 1 degree; 30 

 degrees = 1 sign; 12 signs = 1 circle or circumference. 



Cubic Measure. 1728 cubic inches = 1 cubic foot; 27 cubic feet = 1 

 cubic yard. 



Dry Measure. 2 pints = 1 quart; 8 quarts = 1 peck; 4 pecks = 1 bushel. 



Liquid Measure. 4 gills = 1 pint; 2 pints = 1 quart; 4 quarts = 1 gall on; 

 31 gallons = 1 barrel; 2 barrels = 1 hogshead. 



Long Measure. 12 inches = 1 foot; 3 feet = 1 yard; 5 yards = 1 rod 

 or pole; 40 rods = 1 furlong; 8 furlongs = 1 statute mile (1760 yards or 

 5280 feet); 3 miles = 1 league. 



Mariner's Measure. 6 feet = 1 fathom; 120 fathoms = 1 cable length; 

 1\ cable lengths = 1 mile; 5280 feet = 1 statute mile; 6085 feet = 1 nautical 

 mile. 



Paper Measure. 24 sheets = 1 quire; 20 quires = 1 ream (480 sheets); 

 2 reams = 1 bundle; 5 bundles = 1 bale. 



Square Measure. 144 square inches = 1 square foot; 9 square feet = 1 

 square yard; 30 square yards = 1 square rod or perch; 40 square rods = 

 1 rood; 4 roods = 1 acre; 640 acres = 1 square mile; 36 square miles 

 (60 miles square) = 1 township. 



Time Measure. 60 seconds = 1 minute; 60 minutes = 1 hour; 24 hours 

 = 1 day; 7 days = 1 week; 365 days = 1 year; 366 days = 1 leap year. 



5. MINIMUM WEIGHTS OF PRODUCE 



THE following are minimum weights of certain articles of produce accord- 

 ing to the laws of the United States : 



