MARITAL JEALOUSY 229 



We have in an earlier part of the present chapter 

 discussed the sexual relations of various American 

 tribes which reckon kinship through the mother. We 

 have still to consider those of the tribes which have 

 advanced to agnatic descent or which recognise kinship 

 through both parents. Here we find the practice of 

 offering the wife or other female dependent to a guest 

 for temporary companionship very widespread, if not 

 universal. Lewis and Clark's expedition up the 

 Missouri in the year 1804, was received in a friendly 

 manner both by the Sioux and the Ankara Pawnees, 

 and the men were literally persecuted with offers of 

 squaws for their use. The women besides were 

 " disposed to be amorous," and the men found no 

 difficulty in procuring companions for the night. But 

 while these interviews were among the Sioux chiefly 

 clandestine and nominally secret from the husband or 

 other relations, among the Ankara the etiquette was 

 reversed. "That the wife or the sister should submit 

 to a stranger's embraces without the consent of her 

 husband or brother is a cause of great disgrace and 

 offence, especially as for many purposes of civility or 

 gratitude the husband and brother will themselves 

 present to a stranger these females and be gratified by 

 attentions to them." In other words the unauthorised 

 embraces were an infringement of the husband's 

 property, which, on the other hand, he had no hesitation 

 in offering in the name of hospitality and friendship. 1 

 The Mandans and the Minnetarees welcomed the 

 expedition with similar demonstrations. 2 The Sho- 



1 Lewis and Clark, i. 157, 161. 



2 Id. 189, 215. The white traders of a later date used to enter 

 into alliances similar to those of the African traders so graphically 



