71 



CHAPTER VI. 



Geological Section from Hertford to Bridgewater Soils of the Greensand 

 Formations The Gault Clay The Weald The Upper Oolite The 

 Middle Oolite The Lower Oolite The Lias The New Red Sandstone- 

 The Permian Formation The Coal Measures The Mountain Limestone 

 The Millstone Grit and Yoredale Rocks The Old Red Sandstone. 



I ALLOW me to ask attention to the geological section from 

 Hertford to Bridgewater (p. 56). I have introduced this 

 section to bear out what was stated in a previous chapter, 

 viz. that the inclination or dip of the strata which underlies 

 this country is from north-west to south-east, and that con- 

 sequently the outcrop of the strata is in a north-westerly 

 direction, that is to say, we shall find as we traverse the 

 country from the south-east to the north-west that we in 

 turn pass over the strata in the order of their outcrop. The 



I diagram speaks for itself, and it will be unnecessary to devote 

 more space to its explanation. 

 With further reference to the chalk formation, notice that 

 almost the whole of it is inhabited by particular descriptions 

 of sheep, namely, the Down breeds. It is true that the chalk 

 wolds of Yorkshire are chiefly under Leicesters, and the wolds 

 of Lincolnshire are principally under Leicesters and improved 



tLincolns ; but as soon as we cross the Wash and come to the 

 main chalk commencing with the county of Norfolk, we find 

 i hardy, black-faced, short-woolled ovine race known as 

 Norfolk Downs. There is also upon the Suffolk hills a 

 Suffolk Down sheep of excellent quality, and upon the Essex 

 Downs there is a recognized Essex Down. If we follow out 



