ON THE DAIRY. 61 



WILLIAM MARSHALL'S STATEMENT. 



To the Coynmittee on the Dairy : 



Gentlemen, — I offer for premium a specimen (about 100 lbs.) 

 of new milk cheese, made upon my farm at Hog Island, in the town 

 of Essex. I have had the milk of fifteen cows through the season. 

 We began to make new milk cheese exclusively, (or nearly so) about 

 the middle of May last, and with the exception of a few days, have 

 made one cheese a day, of about 30 pounds weighty up to the 3d of 

 September. The whole number is 101, and the whole weight, about 

 3000 lbs. 



Our method has been, to take the cream off of the night's milk, 

 every morning, then to warm the milk, and when brought to the 

 temperature of new milk, to put all the cream into it again, and add 

 the morning's milk, while warm. Our reason for not warming the 

 cream, is to avoid the oily appearance which it always takes on be- 

 ing warmed. The milk at night is strained into tubs, which saves 

 the trouble and expense of milk pans. I never put coloring matter 

 of any kind into the cheese or upon the outside. A cotton cloth is 

 sewed round every cheese, on taking it from the press. We keep 

 them in the press forty-eight hours, during which time they are 

 turned twice. After going on to the shelves, they are turned every 

 day, and rubbed with fat of some kind. We use the fine salt that 

 usually comes in bags of about 25 lbs. each, and put a pint wine 

 measure, into every cheese of 30 pounds weight. The quantity of 

 rennet is always such as to have the curd form and be ready to 

 break up in about three quarters of an hour after it is put in. The 

 rennet is allowed to soak about twenty-four hours before use. We 



find that one fourth part more rennet is necessary for new milk 

 cheese than for other cheese. We use the common lever press. 



The cows have a change of feed by going about two weeks in 



each pasture. They have had no fall feed, no roots or meal, nothing 



but pasture grass. 



WILLIAM MARSHALL. 



Essex, September 27, 1848. 



