SOUTHERN BEE CULTURE 65 



-cells of honey be uncapped or the extractor will not remove it; and it is by 

 no means a quick and easy job to uncap heavy tender combs of honey without 

 damaging them. 



HONEY-BOARDS. 



Honey-boards are used to confine queens to certain parts of hives, and 

 will allow the worker bees to pass through it to any part of the hive. In 

 the production of extracted honey, queens will sometimes enter the extracting- 

 apartment of the hive and establish her brood-nest for a short time at 

 least, because she has not room in her apartment to deposit her eggs. The 

 young bees that are not capped over in the cells will be thrown out with the 

 extractor into the honey if it is not run very slowly; therefore they are a 

 hindrance in extracting. If honey-boards are used between the brodd-apart- 

 mcnt and extracting -apartment the queens can not enter them- and their hin- 

 drance is overcome. I do consider this hindrance much to me, and do not 

 use them now, although I have used them, and there are many bee-keepers 

 who do not. But they are indispensable in the production of a nice article of 

 chunk honey, and should by all means be used. 



SPUR WIRE-IMBEDDERS. 



Where full sheets of foundation are used in the brood-apartment and 

 the extracting-supers or top stories, the frames should be wired and the 

 wire imbedded well into the foundation with this implement. 



WAX-TUBE FOUNDATION-FASTENERS. 



In fastening foundation in shallow frames, or frames which do not have 

 the advantage of fastening it to the top-bar by means of wedges, and also iq 

 fastening full sheets of it in sections, this tool is nearly indispensable. 



FOUNDATION-FASTENER. 



These machines are indispensable in the production of comb honey, and it 

 is very necessary that the foundation be well fastened at the proper place to 

 the sections, which they will do. Aside from the best improved implements 

 for this work there is a simple cheap one called the Parker foundation-fas- 

 tener which is used by bee-keepers who keep only a few colonies of bees. To 

 do the best work with this implement it should not be used in cold weather 

 while the foundation is brittle unless it is placed in the sunshine for a few 

 minutes or heated up before it is used. Then to operate, put a section in place 

 on the bottom part, and then push the lever over on. it so that the end of it 

 will admit of the foundation being pushed between it and the section, under 

 about % inch ; then raise the lever up and it will pinch the foundation to the 

 section and thus fasten it. Keep the wax removed from the lever and it will 

 do satisfactory work. The other foundation-fasteners are easy to operate. 



SECTION PRESS AND FORMER. 



In order to stand handling, and to fit well in the supers, sections should 

 be well put together and be square. These implements are for this purpose ; 

 and, besides, by using them thefe will not be so many sections broken up. 



