256 HEMIPTERA. 



to be extricated. The perfect male is nearly as minute as a 

 point, but a powerful magnifier shows its body to .be divided 

 into segments, and endued with all the important parts and 

 functions of a living animal. 



To the unassisted eye, says Dalman, it appears only as 

 a red atom, but it is furnished with a pair of long whitish 

 wings, long antenna3 or horns, six legs with their respective 

 joints, and two bristles terminating the tail. This minute 

 insect perforates the middle of the case covering the female, 

 and thus celebrates its nuptials with its invisible partner. 

 The latter subsequently deposits her eggs and dies. In due 

 time the young are hatched and leave the case, under which 

 they were fostered, by a little crevice at its hinder part. 

 These young lice, which I have seen, are very small, of a 

 pale yellowish brown color, and of an oval shape, very flat, 

 and appearing like minute scales. They move about for a 

 while, at length become stationary, increase in size, and in 

 due time the whitish shells are produced, and the included 

 insects pass from the larva to the pupa state. The means 

 for destroying these insects are the same as those recom- 

 mended for the extermination of the previous species. 



Many years ago, when on a visit from home, I observed 

 on a fine native grape-vine, that was trained against the 

 side of a house, great numbers of reddish-brown bark-lice, 

 of a globular form, and about half as large as a small pea, 

 arranged in lines on the stems. An opportunity for further 

 examination of this species did not occur till the summer of 

 1839, when I was led to the discovery of a few of these 

 lice on my Isabella grape-vines, by seeing the ants ascending 

 and descending the stems. Upon careful search I discov- 

 ered the lice, which were nearly of the color of the bark 

 of the vine, partly imbedded in a little crevice of the bark, 

 and arranged one behind another in a line. They drew 

 great quantities of sap, as was apparent by their exudations, 

 by which the ants were attracted. Further observations 

 were arrested by a fire which consumed the house and the 

 vines that were trained to it. 



