baited with a combination of attractive pheromone and 

 host odor (neither of which was available at the start 

 of the 1998 season). For 1999, we intend to maximize 

 the visual attractiveness of traps, and incorporate use 

 of attractive odor lures. 



Acknowledgments 



This work was supported by State/Federal IPM 

 Funds, the New England Tree Fruit Growers Research 

 Committtee and SARE Grant #97 LNE 97-90 (USDA 

 96-COOP- 1-2700). We are grateful to the eight grow- 

 ers that participated in this study: Bill Broderick, Dana 

 Clark, Dave Chandler, Dave Cheney, Dave Shearer, 

 Joe Sincuk, Tim Smith and Mo Tougas. 



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Comparison of Six Different Types of 

 Unbaited Traps for Monitoring Plum 

 Curculios in Orchards 



Ronald Prokopy, Shawn Mclntire, Jonathan Black, Max Prokopy, 



and Tracy Leskey 



Department of Entomology, University of Massachusetts 



We can conceive of at least four approaches to 

 monitoring entry of plum curculio (PC) adults into or- 

 chards and orchard trees that might be useful in pre- 

 dicting need and time to spray for PC control. These 

 approaches are: (1) monitoring flights of PCs exiting 

 from overwintering sites in areas bordering orchards, 

 (2) monitoring flights of overwintering PCs into orchard 

 trees, (3) monitoring PCs entering orchard trees via 

 climbing tree trunks, and (4) monitoring PCs present in 

 orchard tree canopies. In 1998, we evaluated each of 

 these four approaches using unbaited traps placed near 

 or in four small blocks of apple trees. 



Materials & Methods 



Two of the four blocks of trees (one at the Univer- 

 sity of Massachusetts Horticultural Research Center 

 and one in Deerfield, MA) received no insecticide to 

 control PC. Each of the other two blocks one at the 



Horticultural Research Center and one in Conway, MA) 

 received two sprays of Imidan: one at petal fall and the 

 other two weeks later. All trees were on either M.7 or 

 M.26 rootstock. 



To monitor exit flights of PCs from overwintering 

 sites, we positioned unbaited Tangletrap-coated clear 

 Plexiglas traps (2 feet by 2 feet), intended to represent 

 empty space, 6 feet from edges of foliage of woods 

 that bordered each block. Each of the four traps per 

 block was fastened vertically to a wooden pole. The 

 center of each trap was 3 feet above ground. The 

 sticky-coated side faced the woods. 



To monitor flights of overwintered PCs into orchard 

 trees, we positioned three different types of unbaited 

 Tangletrap-coated traps 1 8 inches away from edges of 

 canopies of orchard trees and facing woods. The three 

 trap types were: a 2 foot by 2 foot square of clear 

 Plexiglas, a 2 foot by 2 foot square of plywood painted 

 green to mimic tree foliage, and a 1 foot by 4 foot tall 



12 



Fruit Notes, Volume 63 (Number 3), Summer, 1998 



