nificantly with increases in fruit damage caused by PCs 

 during the monitoring period. 



Compared to captures of PCs by traps in unsprayed 

 blocks, captures in sprayed blocks were ( 1 ) just as great 

 for PCs caught by sticky clear traps at edges of woods 

 (this is an expected finding because orchard sprays 

 should not interfere with emigration of PCs from woods), 

 (2) fewer by an average of about 50% for PCs caught 

 by all three types of sticky traps (combined) at edges 

 of apple tree canopies, (3) fewer by about 80% for 

 PCs caught by black cylinder traps in apple tree cano- 

 pies, and (4) fewer by about 95% for PCs caught by 

 black pyramid traps at apple tree trunks. We do not 

 know why orchard sprays apparently interfered more 

 with captures of PCs by pyramid traps at tree trunks 

 than captures by cylinder traps in tree canopies. 



apple tree canopies better coincided with periods of 

 increase in fruit injury than did periods of increase in 

 captures of PCs by black pyramid traps at tree trunks. 

 Disappointingly, in the sprayed blocks, in no case did 

 periods of increase in captures of PCs by any of the 

 trap types tested in 1 998 correlate positively with peri- 

 ods of increase in fruit injury. 



We believe that a more user-friendly form of a 

 sticky trap placed at the edge of an apple tree canopy 

 to capture PCs flying into apple trees and/or a modi- 

 fied form of a cylinder trap placed in an apple tree to 

 capture PCs active within the canopy hold the most 

 promise as effective monitoring devices. We further 

 believe that neither of these trap types can succeed in 

 monitoring accurately the presence of PCs in sprayed 

 orchards unless they are baited with attractive odor. 



Conclusions 



Acknowledgments 



The findings from these studies in unsprayed blocks 

 of apple trees in 1998 are similar to findings reported in 

 Fruit Notes 63(1) on studies in an unsprayed block of 

 apple trees in 1997. In both studies, periods of increase 

 in captures of PCs by sticky clear traps at edges of 



This work was supported by USDA Hatch funds 

 and the New England Tree Fruit Growers Research 

 Committee. We thank Jim Hardigg for allowing us to 

 use his orchard for part of this work. 



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Fruit Notes, Volume 63 (Number 3), Summer, 1998 



