-4- 



sessions, will contain over 100 4-color photographs with text on major 

 insect/mite, disease and vertebrate pests of apples as well as a segment on 

 integrated management of orchard cover crops. 



Insect Pest Injury, 1983 - Direct Pests - Table 2 contains results of on 

 tree harvest injury surveys conducted by extension and private sector IPM 

 personnel. It is interesting to note that tarnished plant bug (TPB) again 

 accounted for the majority of fruit injury observed just prior to harvest. 

 However, with the exception of a few blocks where TPB injury to individual 

 fruit was severe (similar to "cat-facing" injury on peaches), much of this 

 "injury" would pass through a grading line with no effect on fruit grade. 



While many growers appear to be achieving good San Jose scale (SJS) 

 control, largely due to improved monitoring and better spray coverage, SJS 

 ranked second in importance in monitored blocks (range 0-4.3% injury) in 

 1983. As was the case last year, SJS crawlers continued activity well into 

 September, when pre-harvest interval considerations made treatment 

 inpossible. 



European apple saw fly (EAS) injury was about at average levels for the 

 last 5 years (0.40% in IPM blocks, 1978-1982). In 1983, however, much EAS 

 injury consisted of a "dimple" in the fruit calyx, which would likely not 

 affect fruit grade. 



Green fruitworm (GFW) injury, which will probably result in fruit 

 culling, was up from 5-year averages, largely due to suspected resistance 

 to Guthion and Imidan in several blocks. Growers who experienced 

 substantial injury from GFW in spite of pink and/or petal fall sprays of OP 

 compounds should consider use of other materials (carbamates, for example) 

 in the spray program next year. Most other direct pests were of minor 

 importance in 1983. 



