X 



THE VOICE AND THE WHIP 



" The voice is Used three Manner of Ways : Either as a Correction^ 

 by Threatening, or as a Help to Incourage the Horse ; or as a Court- 

 ship to him by Flattering of him." Newcastle. 

 " Formed with rod alone 

 its aids they know 

 And stop, and turn, obedient to the blow." 



From Berenger. 



^np^HE earliest riders, who made use of little or no 

 gear, found the voice and whip indispensable 

 in guiding their steeds. According to Berenger, the 

 Carthaginians chiefly used the whip for this pur- 

 pose, giving a blow on the near side of the head 

 to make a horse turn to the right and vice versa, 

 and one " full upon the gristle of the nose " when 

 he was required to stop. Other nations, as before 

 stated, directed their horses by the voice, a much 

 more humane method; and it is a pity, not only 

 from the point of view of the progressive develop- 

 ment of the horse's mind, but also from that of its 



being a valuable indication from the rider, that the 



"3 



