I N S 



I N S 



larvre with the hand, and afterwards watering the Tt is further rcmnrkcd, that " a very cTcstruc- 



trct's wfil with soft water, such as that of ponds, tlve species of the Coccus tribe lias lately done 



The sixth, or Cocius, aho belongs to the incredible damage to the Apple-trees in the nur- 



same order, and the males have wings, but the series and gardens in the neighbourhood of Lon- 



females none. don. Some nurserymen have lost several thon- 



The sorts most commonly met with, when sand A])ple-trees in one year: These insects 



iull grown, have somewhat the form of a boat, attach themselves to the bark by their suckers, 



with the keel uppermost, being apparently with- and, by feeding on the juices of the tree, rob it 



out feet, eyes, &c. while in this state resembling of its nourishment. Such trees as "are infested 



some sorts of galls or exeresecuccs of the bark with them liave a sickly appearance. These in- 



"i" "■ccs.^ _ sects generally make their nests where branches 



Mr. Forsyth observes, that " a thin film of a have been cut off, or in hollow places, where 



white eolton-like substance is interposed between the canker has eaten holes in the trees. Their 



the Hat part of the body and the tree. This is first appearance is like a white down; on touch- 



connnon, m a greater or lesser quantity, to all 

 the species, and appears at first all round the 

 edge as a kind of cement, to join it to the tree. 

 The males are very few in proportion to the fe- 

 males, and not nearly one-fourth of their size; 



mg or rubbing them, they tinge the fingers of 

 a crimson colour, like cochineaT. If suffered to 

 remain long on trees, they take wing, like 

 Aphides." 



The method that he has followed for these ten 



they arc beautiful little flies, which, after a short years to destroy them, is, to "rub the places 

 but active life, terminate their existence without where their nests are with an old brush, such as 

 having tasted food, being provided with no sort painters use, till they are all cleaned off; and 

 of organs for that purpose." if the part be canker-eaten, to cut it clean out 



" The Peach, Nectarine, and Pear Trees are with a knife or chisel : he then takes of soap- 

 vory much infested with these insects : they fre- suds and urine erjual parts, and with this he 

 rpiently cut through the bark, and the trees then washes the wound and the bark all round it • and 

 appear as if they had been scratched by cats." with a brush applies the composition, mixed' with 

 He has " seen some with this appearance all wood-ashes and the powder of burnt bones 

 over them." covering the wound all over with it. Afterwards 



He advises, that " when these insects first ap- he shakes some of the powder of wood-ashes 

 pear on the bark, they should be scraped off and burnt bones, mixed with an eio-hth part of 

 with a wooden knife, and the stem and branches unslaked lime finely powdered and lifted over 

 of the tree well washed with soap-suds and urine, the hollows, or where knobs have been cut oflf." 

 applied with a stitf painter's brush. This should And he. advises, that "at the same time 

 be done in February, before the buds begin to that the trees are cleared of the cocci the eater- 

 come out. But if the outer bark is perforated, pillars should be picked off." 

 it must be cut or pared off with a long knife ; He adds, that " the first time that he ob- 

 and if you find any brown spots in the inner served the new coccus which has done so much 

 bark, they must be carefully cut out. This dis- mischief to the Apple-trees about London was 

 ease is, he thinks, one great cause of the canker, in a garden of his own at Chelsea, about the year 

 and of the death of the tree." _ 1782 or 3 ; and, as far as he can learn, they were 



And it is added, that " when this disease has imported, amonii some Apple-trees, by the late 

 made its way through both barks, as is often the Mr. Swinton, of Sloane-strect. Mr. Swinton 

 £ase, the branches on each side of the tree may afterwards removed his nursery to the Kin<T's 

 be cut close to the stem, if it has an upright one; Road, near Chelsea Collese, which now goes1)v 

 but if the tree be trained fan-fashion, the best the name of the Foreign Nursery." 

 way is to head it near to the place where it was Train oil has been tried, laid on with a painter's 

 grafted." " brush, but without eflbet. 



He has ^' headed old Pear-trees which were The seventh, or Earivig, is often very destruc- 

 so dead, except a small strip of live bark on one tive to fruit, particularlylhat of the Peach kind. 

 £ide, that you might rub the bark otf thtm as The method recommerided by Mr. Forsyth for 

 .easily as off a bundle of faggot-slicks that had destroying them, and which he has lono- pursued 

 •been cut upwards of a year ; yet these trees have with success, is, to " take old bean-st^alks and 

 shot out fresh branches to the length of seven- cut them about nine inches long, tyinij; them up 

 teen feet in two years, and produced fine fruit in small bundles with some '^pack-tliread or 

 the second year." It is advised to apply the with small yellow willows, and hanrrin"- them 

 composition immediately after heading, or cut- on nails against the wall, at dilfereiu parts of 

 aing, or paring off the diseased bark. the trees. The first thing in the niornino, be- 



