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tfie beds, in pots filled with cartli or sand, or in 

 u hole in the earth, in a dry situation; the lirst 

 is probaljly the best method. 



Tlie plants mostly rise in the second spring, 

 when they should be kept well weeded and wa- 

 tered. 



After thev have had two years' growth in 

 these beds, they should be removed, and planted 

 out in nursery rows at the distance of two feet, 

 and one a])art in the rows. They should remain 

 in these till of pro-jK-r size to be planted where 

 they are to remain, keeping them perfectly clean, 

 and the ground occasionally stirred about them. 



The proper seasons for removing them are 

 either the early antuum or spring ; the former 

 in dry grounds, and the latter in those that are 

 feif a retentive nature. 



In the second sort the seeds, after being pre- 

 pared as dbovc, should be sown in pots, and 

 plunged the second spring in a gentle hot-bed, 

 in order to bring up the plants. They should 

 then be kept in the pots, and have protection in 

 the winter season till they have become of hardy 

 growth, when they may be turned out, and 

 planted in warm situations. They afterwards 

 require ]5rotection in very severe winters. 



The third sort may be managed in the same 

 way as the second, the young plants beiniX gra- 

 ■dually inured to the open air, having only the 

 morning sun at first. They should be kept in 

 the pots four or five years, as they grow slowly, 

 1)eing well protected in the winter. They all 

 succeed best in a dry soil. 



All tlie varieties of the' different sorts are to 

 be continued cither by budding or grafting upon 

 stocks of the first sort. The first should be 

 performed in the latter part of the sunmier, and 

 the latter in the early spring, upon stocks of 

 two)ears' growth. Sec Budding and Graft- 

 ing. 



All the sorts and varieties are highly orna- 

 iTiental in the clumps, borders, and other parts 

 of pleasure-grounds, atTbrding much variety 

 when jiidieiously intermixed. The first sort 

 frequently rises to a large tree, having a fine 

 white hard wood, useful for various purposes. 

 *i"he baik also aflbrds the substance called liinl- 

 Vime, which is preparctl by boiling it till the 

 green ])art is capable of being separated from 

 the white, then laying it in a cool cellar for a 

 few days, afterwards ]X)uiiding it till it becomes a 

 tough paste, washingit repeatedly, till itbecomes 

 quite clear, then placing it in an earthen vessel 

 to ferment or becMue fine, when it will be fit 

 for use. 



ILLECEBRU]\f, a genus containing plants 

 of the herbaceous,. flowery, biennial, and shrub- 

 bv perennial kinds, 



Vol, IL 



Ft belongs to the class and order Pentanilr'ia 

 JMonogynla, and ranks in the natural order of 

 Hrdorace6e. 



The characters arc : that the calyx is a five- 

 leaved cartilaginous perianthium, five-cornered, 

 with coloured leaflets, which are sharp, with 

 distant points, permanent : there is no corolla : 

 the stamina have five capillary filaments, within 

 the calvx : anthers simple : the pistilkim is an 

 ovate germ, shai'p, endmg in a short bifid style : 

 stigma simple, oluuse; the pericarp:urn is a 

 roundish acuminate capsule, both ways fivc- 

 valved, one-celled, covered by the calyx : the 

 seed single, roundish, sharp on both sides, very 

 large. 



The species cultivated are: 1. I. lanafum. 

 Woolly lilecebrum ; 2. /. siiffrut'icosum, Shrub- 

 by Illecebrum, or Knot-grass ; 3. /. Parovy- 

 ckia, Mountain Illecebrum, or Knot-grass. 



The first has a rigid round stem, somewhat 

 hairy, branched only at the base : the leaves arc 

 lanceolate, ovate, subsessile, opposite, petioled, 

 quite entire, sharpish, naked, pubescent un- 

 derneath: (spikes close, oblon'g, and axillary :) 

 the peduncles lateral, very short, in three or 

 four sessile spikes, unequal to the leadet : sta- 

 mens connected at the base by means of a five- 

 toothed crown : the seed kidnev-form. It is a 

 native of the East Indies, biennial, and flower- 

 ing most part of the year. 



It varies in size. This is the smaller one. 

 The Great Woolly Illecebrum has solitary, not 

 aggregate spikes. And, according to Retzius, 

 there is' a remarkable variety with round leaves', 

 in Malabar. 



The second species has woody stems about a 

 foot high, with small leaves like those of 

 Knot-grass : the flowers come out singly on the 

 side of the stems, and make no great appear- 

 ance. It is a native of the sotith of Europe, 

 flowering from May to August. 



The third has trailing stalks near two feet 

 long, with leaves like those of the second kind ; 

 the heads of flowers come out from the joints of 

 the stalk, having neat silvery bractes surround- 

 ing them, which make a pretty appearance : the 

 flowers appear in June, and there is generally a 

 succession of them for at least two months. It 

 is perennial, and a native of tlie south of Europe. 



Culture. — ^The first sort may be increased by 

 sowing the seeds in pots of ligbt mould, in the 

 spring, in the same manner as the amaranthus, 

 plunging them in a mild hot-bed. And if they 

 be afterwards plunged in the tan-bed in the 

 stove, these branches will often put out roots 

 by which they may be raised. 



Cuttings of the branches managed in the 

 same way will sometimes grow, 

 C 



